{"title":"Fluorescent carbon dots in solid-state: From nanostructures to functional devices","authors":"Junkai Ren, Luigi Stagi, Plinio Innocenzi","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2020.100295","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, carbon dots<span><span> (CDs) have attracted considerable attention for their potential application in photonics and </span>optoelectronics<span>. One of the main limitations in realizing efficient and reliable solid-state devices is the aggregation-caused quenching effect. At a short distance, the mutual interaction among nanoparticles<span> enhances the non-radiative mechanisms, undermining the extraordinary optical properties of CDs. In this review, we have critically analyzed the main strategies for maintaining and empowering the optical properties of CDs from liquid to solid-state. These routes include the preparation of self-quenching-resistant fluorescent CDs and the embedding into different matrices. The material processing and the nature of the chemical environment surrounding the CDs are key parameters for selecting an optically transparent matrix. An optimized host material would preserve the fundamental properties of CDs, but also improve their performances extending the application field. Many types of matrices for CDs have been tested, such as polymers, organic-inorganic hybrid materials, mesoporous and layered materials. Besides, unconventional host materials have also used as a matrix, e.g. acid molecules condensates and inorganic salts. The successful use of CDs is highly relying on their incorporation into a solid-state matrix.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1000,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2020.100295","citationCount":"61","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079678620300285","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 61
Abstract
In recent years, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted considerable attention for their potential application in photonics and optoelectronics. One of the main limitations in realizing efficient and reliable solid-state devices is the aggregation-caused quenching effect. At a short distance, the mutual interaction among nanoparticles enhances the non-radiative mechanisms, undermining the extraordinary optical properties of CDs. In this review, we have critically analyzed the main strategies for maintaining and empowering the optical properties of CDs from liquid to solid-state. These routes include the preparation of self-quenching-resistant fluorescent CDs and the embedding into different matrices. The material processing and the nature of the chemical environment surrounding the CDs are key parameters for selecting an optically transparent matrix. An optimized host material would preserve the fundamental properties of CDs, but also improve their performances extending the application field. Many types of matrices for CDs have been tested, such as polymers, organic-inorganic hybrid materials, mesoporous and layered materials. Besides, unconventional host materials have also used as a matrix, e.g. acid molecules condensates and inorganic salts. The successful use of CDs is highly relying on their incorporation into a solid-state matrix.
期刊介绍:
Progress in Solid State Chemistry offers critical reviews and specialized articles written by leading experts in the field, providing a comprehensive view of solid-state chemistry. It addresses the challenge of dispersed literature by offering up-to-date assessments of research progress and recent developments. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between physical properties and structural chemistry, particularly imperfections like vacancies and dislocations. The reviews published in Progress in Solid State Chemistry emphasize critical evaluation of the field, along with indications of current problems and future directions. Papers are not intended to be bibliographic in nature but rather to inform a broad range of readers in an inherently multidisciplinary field by providing expert treatises oriented both towards specialists in different areas of the solid state and towards nonspecialists. The authorship is international, and the subject matter will be of interest to chemists, materials scientists, physicists, metallurgists, crystallographers, ceramists, and engineers interested in the solid state.