Target blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients: how low should you go?

Abstract

Epidemiological studies have highlighted the increasing prevalence of hypertension with age, and the associated increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease. A number of randomized controlled trials have shown that antihypertensive treatment significantly reduces cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in elderly patients, and there is evidence that the benefit achieved is related to the extent to which blood pressure is lowered. Furthermore, a recent analysis of data from the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) Study shows that intensive therapy produces significantly greater reductions in blood pressure in elderly patients than in younger patients, without increasing the risk of adverse events. As a result, the latest management guidelines recommend that the goal of antihypertensive therapy in elderly patients should be to achieve at least high normal blood pressures (below 140/90 mmHg). Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists offer a new option for antihypertensive therapy in elderly patients, and trials such as the Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE) are currently investigating the effect of these agents on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in elderly hypertensive patients.