Electron-microscopic detection of cytoskeletal actin in the epithelial cells of bovine abomasum.

Acta anatomica Pub Date : 1998-01-01 DOI:10.1159/000046442
U Sommer, M Kressin, B Schnorr
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Abstract

The fine structural distribution of cytoskeletal actin was investigated in the oxyntic gland region and in the pyloric gland region of bovine abomasal mucosa using immunoelectron methods. In all exocrine cell types of the gastric epithelium, actin filaments exhibit a polarized pattern of distribution. In the members of the mucus- and protein-synthesizing cell line, the actin filaments form a prominent barrier to the exocytosis of secretory granules underneath the apical membrane. Therefore, actin is supposed to be involved in the control of exocytosis. The basolateral subplasmalemmal cortex of the exocrine cells, however, shows weaker labeling for actin filaments. In this position actin might be responsible for the movement of epithelial cells along the length of the gastric gland during physiological cell renewal and for the maintenance of the integrity of the epithelial unit and of cell polarization. In parietal cells of bovine abomasum, actin filaments are, in addition, associated with the intracellular canaliculus, but not with the tubulovesicular compartment. We assume that actin filaments reorganize the canalicular membrane after membrane translocations in the course of acid secretion. For the first time, actin filaments were documented in the rare brush cell type of bovine abomasum, where they do not form a terminal web beneath the apical membrane and therefore point out the nonexocrine function of the brush cell type. In all polarized cells of the bovine abomasum, actin filaments underlay the two apical members of the junctional complex, the tight junction and the adherens junction, where they might be involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, cell motility and cell shape determination.

牛皱胃上皮细胞中细胞骨架肌动蛋白的电镜检测。
应用免疫电子法研究了细胞骨架肌动蛋白在牛皱胃粘膜氧合腺区和幽门腺区精细结构分布。在胃上皮的所有外分泌细胞类型中,肌动蛋白丝呈极化分布。在粘液和蛋白质合成细胞系的成员中,肌动蛋白丝形成了顶膜下分泌颗粒胞吐的显著屏障。因此,肌动蛋白被认为参与胞吐的控制。然而,外分泌细胞的基底外侧质下皮层对肌动蛋白丝的标记较弱。在这个位置,肌动蛋白可能负责在生理细胞更新过程中上皮细胞沿着胃腺的长度运动,并维持上皮单位的完整性和细胞极化。此外,在牛皱胃的壁细胞中,肌动蛋白丝与细胞内小管有关,但与小管泡室无关。我们假设在酸分泌过程中,肌动蛋白丝在膜易位后对管膜进行重组。首次在牛皱胃罕见的刷状细胞中发现了肌动蛋白丝,它们在顶膜下不形成终网,从而指出了刷状细胞的非外分泌功能。在所有极化的牛皱胃细胞中,肌动蛋白丝位于连接复合体的两个顶端成员(紧密连接和粘附连接)的下面,它们可能参与细胞粘附、细胞运动和细胞形状的调节。
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