Influence of different degrees of reduced renal mass on the renal and hepatic disposition of administered cadmium.

R K Zalups
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引用次数: 7

Abstract

The present study was designed to evaluate, in rats, the effect of varying degrees of reduced renal mass on the disposition of administered cadmium. As part of this evaluation, the intrarenal, hepatic, and hematological disposition of cadmium and the urinary and fecal excretion of cadmium were studied and characterized in control, uninephrectomized (NPX), and 75% nephrectomized (75% NPX) rats 1 d, 2 d, and 7 d after the intravenous injection of a nonnephrotoxic 8.9 mumol/kg dose of cadmium chloride. Renal accumulation of cadmium, especially in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla, was reduced significantly in the 75% NPX rats, but not in the NPX rats, between d 2 and 7 after the injection of cadmium. The diminution in the renal accumulation of cadmium in the 75% NPX rats was most likely due to diminished glomerular filtration rate and renal clearance of cadmium induced by 75% nephrectomy. Despite reduced glomerular filtration rate, the cumulative urinary excretion of cadmium in the 75% NPX rats was significantly greater than that in either the NPX rats or the control rats. It should be mentioned, however, that very little of the administered dose of cadmium was excreted in the urine by any of the three groups of rats. Interestingly, the content of cadmium in the liver was significantly greater in 75% NPX rats than in NPX or control rats between d 1 and 7 after the injection of cadmium. Moreover, the 75% NPX rats excreted significantly less cadmium in the feces over the 7 d of study than did the other 2 groups of rats, indicating that 75% nephrectomy causes a significant alteration in one or more of the mechanisms involved in the fecal excretion of cadmium. In summary, the findings from the present study indicate that the renal and hepatic handling of administered cadmium in rats changes significantly when renal mass is reduced by 75%. Further studies are needed to better characterize the effects of reductions of renal mass, which impair renal function significantly, on both the disposition and toxicity of cadmium in renal and hepatic tissues.

不同程度的肾肿块减少对给药镉的肾和肝处置的影响。
本研究旨在评价,在大鼠中,不同程度的肾块减少对镉处理的影响。作为评估的一部分,在静脉注射无肾毒性8.9 μ mol/kg剂量的氯化镉后的第1天、第2天和第7天,研究了对照组、未肾切除(NPX)和75%肾切除(75% NPX)大鼠的肾内、肝脏和血液中镉的处置以及尿和粪便中镉的排泄。注射镉后的第2 ~ 7天,75% NPX大鼠肾脏中镉的积累,特别是皮层和外髓质外条的积累,明显减少,而NPX大鼠则没有。75% NPX大鼠肾中镉积累的减少很可能是由于75%肾切除术导致肾小球滤过率和肾脏对镉的清除率降低。尽管肾小球滤过率降低,但75% NPX组大鼠的累积尿镉排泄量明显高于NPX组大鼠和对照组大鼠。然而,应该提到的是,三组大鼠中的任何一组都很少通过尿液排出镉的剂量。有趣的是,在注射镉后的第1 ~ 7天,75% NPX大鼠肝脏中镉的含量明显高于NPX或对照组大鼠。此外,在7天的研究中,75% NPX大鼠的粪便中镉的排泄量明显低于其他两组大鼠,这表明75%肾切除术导致一种或多种与粪便中镉排泄有关的机制发生重大改变。总之,本研究的结果表明,当肾脏体积减少75%时,大鼠对镉的肾脏和肝脏处理发生显著变化。需要进一步的研究来更好地描述肾肿块减少对肾和肝组织中镉的处置和毒性的影响,肾肿块的减少会显著损害肾功能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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