[Epidural anesthesia in children under 3 months of age. Apropos of 49 cases].

Abstract

This retrospective study includes 45 patients (age: 32 +/- 28 days; weight: 4,077 +/- 988 g) who underwent epidural analgesia with a catheter for various surgical operations. Epidural space was detected by the loss of resistance to air technique. The anaesthetic solution administered was bupivacaine 0.25% with 1/200,000 epinephrine. Four technical failures were recorded; intraoperative analgesia was adequate for all other patients. In 17 patients, postoperative analgesia was maintained by continuous infusion (0.125% bupivacaine or 0.25% lidocaine: 0.2 mL.kg -1.h-1). In 18 patients, it was managed by iterative injections (0.25% bupivacaine with epinephrine: 0.25 mL.kg -1.h-1). In 10 patients, a single shot was sufficient. Postoperative analgesia was found to be inadequate in four patients. No incidents or accidents were recorded. A benefit-risk analysis with the support of the literature attempts to define the main indications of this method.