An epidemiological study of hemoglobin levels and prevalence of anemia in young children from Bas-Zaire.

S Kuvibidila, L Yu, D Ode, V Mbele, R J Warrier
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Abstract

A population of 183 Zairean infants and young children (0.5 to 48 months old) who lived in rural Bas-Zaire has been examined in regard to hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The mean Hb was 9.03 g/dL, Hct 28.4%, and MCHC 30.7 micrograms/dL. These means are below normal by WHO and/or American Academy of Pediatrics criteria. Although there was no significant sex difference in the mean hematoglobin measurements, boys more than 24 months old had a higher mean Hb (9.98 g/dL) than girls (8.59d g/L) of the same age. Approximately 80%, 76% and 56% of children had Hb < 11 g/dL, Hct < 34% and MCHC < 32 micrograms/dL respectively. The highest prevalence of anemia was between the age of 12 and 18 months. Severe anemia (Hb < 8 g/dL) was observed in 30.65% of the study population (26.6% boys and 34.8% girls). Approximately one third of children had very low Hct levels (< or = 25%). Based on MCHC, iron deficiency was likely responsible of the anemia in 61% of the children. Both Hb (p < 0.05) and Hct positively correlated with the mother's level of education. Because of the many detrimental effects of iron deficiency in infants and young children on immunity, psychomotor, behaviour and mental development routine assessment of iron status and correction of iron deficiency should become a part of the Surveillance Programme in this population.

下扎伊尔地区儿童血红蛋白水平和贫血流行病学研究。
对居住在扎伊尔农村的183名扎伊尔婴儿和幼儿(0.5至48个月大)进行了血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(Hct)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)的检查。平均Hb为9.03 g/dL, Hct为28.4%,MCHC为30.7微克/dL。按照世卫组织和/或美国儿科学会的标准,这些指标低于正常水平。虽然在平均血红蛋白测量中没有显著的性别差异,但超过24个月的男孩的平均Hb (9.98 g/dL)高于同龄的女孩(8.59d g/L)。大约80%、76%和56%的儿童Hb < 11 g/dL、Hct < 34%和MCHC < 32微克/dL。贫血的患病率最高的年龄段是12 - 18个月。30.65%的研究人群(26.6%的男孩和34.8%的女孩)出现严重贫血(Hb < 8 g/dL)。大约三分之一的儿童Hct水平非常低(<或= 25%)。根据妇幼保健,缺铁可能是导致61%的儿童贫血的原因。Hb (p < 0.05)、Hct与母亲受教育程度呈正相关。由于婴幼儿缺铁对免疫、精神运动、行为和智力发育的许多不利影响,对铁状况的常规评估和缺铁纠正应成为该人群监测计划的一部分。
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