Overnight changes in exhaled carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrous oxide in obstructive sleep apnea: associations with disease severity and polysomnographic findings.

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS

Journal of breath research Pub Date : 2026-10-20 DOI:10.1088/1752-7163/aeb686

Mustafa Buğra Buğra Coşkuner, Buğra Kerget, Esra Sönmez, Huseyin Erdal, İsmail Bayraklı

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Exhaled breath analysis is a non-invasive approach for assessing physiological alterations in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study evaluated overnight changes in exhaled CO₂, O₂, and N₂O concentrations and their associations with OSA severity and polysomnographic parameters. Methods: In this prospective observational study, 62 adults undergoing diagnostic overnight polysomnography were enrolled and classified as having no OSA (n = 21), mild-to-moderate OSA (n = 21), or severe OSA (n = 20) according to the apnea-hypopnea index. Exhaled CO₂, O₂, and N₂O concentrations were measured immediately before and after overnight polysomnography under standardized conditions. Results: Morning exhaled N₂O concentrations were significantly higher in patients with severe OSA than in the other groups (p = 0.001). Overnight changes in exhaled CO₂ (ΔCO₂), N₂O (ΔN₂O), and O₂ (ΔO₂) differed significantly according to OSA severity (all p < 0.001). Compared with the no OSA group, patients with OSA exhibited greater overnight increases in exhaled CO₂ and N₂O concentrations together with greater decreases in exhaled O₂ concentrations. Overnight ΔN₂O and ΔO₂ showed strong correlations with AHI (ρ = -0.760 and 0.912, respectively; both p < 0.001) and ODI (ρ = -0.713 and 0.913, respectively; both p < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with OSA exhibited more pronounced overnight alterations in exhaled gas composition, particularly greater changes in exhaled O₂ and N₂O concentrations. These findings suggest that dynamic overnight exhaled gas changes may reflect physiological alterations associated with OSA severity and warrant further validation in larger prospective studies. .

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阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者呼出的二氧化碳、氧气和一氧化二氮的夜间变化：与疾病严重程度和多导睡眠图结果的关联

背景：呼气分析是一种评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）生理变化的非侵入性方法。该研究评估了呼出的CO₂、O₂和N₂O浓度的夜间变化及其与OSA严重程度和多导睡眠图参数的关系。方法：在这项前瞻性观察研究中，纳入62名接受诊断性多导睡眠图检查的成年人，并根据呼吸暂停-低通气指数将其分为无OSA （N = 21）、轻至中度OSA （N = 21）和重度OSA （N = 20）。在标准化条件下，在夜间多导睡眠检查前后立即测量呼出的CO₂、O₂和N₂O浓度。结果：严重OSA患者早晨呼出的N₂O浓度显著高于其他组（p = 0.001）。夜间呼出的CO₂（ΔCO₂）、N₂O （ΔN₂O）、O₂（ΔO₂）的变化根据OSA严重程度有显著差异（p均< 0.001）。与无OSA组相比，OSA患者夜间呼出的CO₂和N₂O浓度增加更大，呼出的O₂浓度下降更大。夜间ΔN₂O和ΔO₂与AHI （ρ分别= -0.760和0.912，p均< 0.001）和ODI （ρ分别= -0.713和0.913，p均< 0.001）有很强的相关性。结论：OSA患者呼出气体成分的夜间变化更明显，尤其是呼出O₂和N₂O浓度的变化更大。这些发现表明，夜间呼出气体的动态变化可能反映了与OSA严重程度相关的生理变化，值得在更大规模的前瞻性研究中进一步验证。

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来源期刊

Journal of breath research BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

21.10%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Breath Research is dedicated to all aspects of scientific breath research. The traditional focus is on analysis of volatile compounds and aerosols in exhaled breath for the investigation of exogenous exposures, metabolism, toxicology, health status and the diagnosis of disease and breath odours. The journal also welcomes other breath-related topics. Typical areas of interest include: Big laboratory instrumentation: describing new state-of-the-art analytical instrumentation capable of performing high-resolution discovery and targeted breath research; exploiting complex technologies drawn from other areas of biochemistry and genetics for breath research. Engineering solutions: developing new breath sampling technologies for condensate and aerosols, for chemical and optical sensors, for extraction and sample preparation methods, for automation and standardization, and for multiplex analyses to preserve the breath matrix and facilitating analytical throughput. Measure exhaled constituents (e.g. CO2, acetone, isoprene) as markers of human presence or mitigate such contaminants in enclosed environments. Human and animal in vivo studies: decoding the ''breath exposome'', implementing exposure and intervention studies, performing cross-sectional and case-control research, assaying immune and inflammatory response, and testing mammalian host response to infections and exogenous exposures to develop information directly applicable to systems biology. Studying inhalation toxicology; inhaled breath as a source of internal dose; resultant blood, breath and urinary biomarkers linked to inhalation pathway. Cellular and molecular level in vitro studies. Clinical, pharmacological and forensic applications. Mathematical, statistical and graphical data interpretation.