Study on Fertility and Genetic Diversity of Introduced Sugar Beet Germplasm Resource FC220

Abstract

In this study, 42 individuals of the introduced multigerm sugar beet germplasm FC220 were used as materials for fertility identification and genetic diversity analysis. Cytoplasmic and nuclear fertility was identified using TR1 (VNTR) and S17 (CAPS) markers, and genetic diversity was analyzed using CEAP, CBDP, and SRAP markers. Cytoplasmic detection showed that the N-type accounted for 38.10% and the S-type accounted for 61.90%. Nuclear detection revealed four banding patterns: 50.00% with a 1800 bp band, 9.52% with a 1300 bp band, 26.19% with both bands, and 14.29% with no amplified band. A total of 56 polymorphic bands were detected based on CEAP, CBDP, and SRAP markers. The genetic distance among individuals ranged from 0.077 to 0.518 (mean = 0.303). UPGMA clustering, PCA, and PCoA all divided the 42 individuals into three groups. The results indicated that FC220 is a heterogeneous population with high genetic diversity, and the proportion of N-type cytoplasm is lower than that in most domestic and foreign germplasms. It can be used as candidate materials for sterile and maintainer lines in hybrid breeding, but requires inbreeding purification for stable application. This study provides support for the rational utilization of FC220 in sugar beet breeding.