Design and Simulation of a Diode-Pumped CW Solid-State Nd:YAG Laser (1064 nm)

Abstract

This study presents the design and numerical simulation of a CW operation solid-state Nd:YAG laser operating at a wavelength of 1064 nm. The laser system was modeled and optimized using ASLD simulation software to analyze the resonator configuration, pumping geometry, and output characteristics. The proposed system employs an Nd:YAG crystal rod with a radius of 3 mm, a length of 100 mm, and a doping concentration of 1%, which is longitudinally cooled to enhance thermal stability. A plane-parallel optical resonator composed of two flat mirrors with a reflectivity of 90% was implemented to ensure stable laser operation. The laser medium was pumped using diode light optics combined with cylindrical reflectors and elliptical elements, allowing efficient absorption and uniform distribution of pump energy within the crystal. Ray-tracing analysis confirmed that the pump light is concentrated near the center of the gain medium, thereby improving excitation efficiency. Dynamic mode analysis was utilized to investigate the temporal behavior and beam quality of the laser output. The simulation results indicate that the proposed system achieves high output power with rapid transient response, reaching steady-state operation within approximately 0.6 ms. Furthermore, the output beam exhibits a uniform spatial profile and stable amplitude, demonstrating high beam quality and excellent resonator stability. The findings of this study highlight the effectiveness of the proposed design in producing stable laser output. The developed simulation model provides a reliable platform for optimizing solid-state Nd:YAG laser systems and can support future experimental implementation for scientific and industrial.