[Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary chronic graft-versus-host disease (2026)].

Abstract

Pulmonary chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a clinically significant complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, severely affecting the quality of life and survival rate of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and interstitial lung diseases are the two main clinical entities. However, the insidious onset, diagnostic challenges, and limited therapeutic options of pulmonary cGVHD result in suboptimal clinical management and poor prognosis. Based on the latest developments in pulmonary cGVHD research and increasing evidence-based medicine data, this consensus was developed collaboratively by multidisciplinary experts domestically, providing recommendations for the early recognition, diagnosis, treatment, and management of pulmonary cGVHD, aiming to establish a standardized diagnostic and therapeutic workflow for pulmonary cGVHD applicable to clinical practice in China, to better guide clinical practice and improve patients' quality of life and survival rate.