Simulation-Based Neurodiagnostic Team Training for Critically Ill Patients with External Ventricular Drains: Design, Implementation, and Outcomes.

Abstract

Simulation‑based training is increasingly used in healthcare; a review of the literature revealed no published studies describing structured simulation‑based training programs for neurodiagnostic technologists. This study introduces a high‑fidelity simulation curriculum designed to improve technical skills, clinical reasoning, and interdisciplinary communication during continuous EEG (cEEG) setup in critically ill adult and pediatric patients with external ventricular drains (EVDs). Using two standardized scenarios, learners practiced pre‑procedure coordination with nursing staff, safe electrode placement near neurosurgical sites, response to vital‑sign changes, and management of alarm events. Training followed best‑practice simulation frameworks, including structured pre‑briefing and PEARLS debriefing. Participants reported increased confidence, better workflow understanding, and improved communication with nursing teams. The curriculum addresses a critical gap in neurodiagnostic education by providing a realistic, safe environment to rehearse high‑risk neurocritical care procedures. Although single‑site and limited in scale, early results support simulation as an effective tool for enhancing safety, preparedness, and team performance in EVD‑dependent cEEG monitoring.