Wholesale, pharmacy mark-up, and retail price dynamics under a declaration-based medicine pricing reform in Kosovo.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2026-10-09 DOI:10.1080/14737167.2026.2746142

Toskë Kryeziu, Mimoza Basholli Salihu, Venesa Lupçi, Ufuk Bağcı, Aida Loshaj Shala

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Medicines' price control is commonly employed to enhance price transparency and affordability; however, empirical evidence on its effects following first-time implementation in European markets with developing pharmaceutical regulatory frameworks remains limited.

Research design and methods: This repeated cross-sectional analysis of administrative databases evaluated the official Kosovo medicine price list, consisting of 19 published price-list versions (V1.0, Feb 2025 to V1.18, 25 June 2026), focusing on version-specific changes in final wholesale and retail prices.

Results: A total of 69,683 medicine-version records and 5,720 unique products were identified. Among 1,937 medicines included in both V1.0 and V1.18, the wholesale price rose in 1,088 cases (56.17%), fell in 501 (25.86%) cases, and remained unchanged in 348 (17.97%). The retail price increased in 1,205 cases (62.21%), declined in 697 (35.98%), and remained stable in 35 cases (1.81%). The concordance between retail and wholesale price direction was observed in 1,535 cases (79.25%).

Conclusions: The price-leveling worked more like a recalibration of the regulatory system based on declarations than a consistent reduction of prices, involving concurrent adjustments, removals, and additions in the price list as well as some retail-level discordances driven by the regulated pharmacy mark-up and value-added tax (VAT) rules.

查看原文本刊更多论文

科索沃基于声明的药品定价改革下的批发、药房加价和零售价格动态。

背景：药品价格管制通常用于提高价格透明度和可负担性；然而，关于其首次在欧洲市场与发展中的药品监管框架实施后的影响的经验证据仍然有限。研究设计和方法：对行政数据库的重复横断面分析评估了科索沃官方药品价目表，包括19个公布的价目表版本（V1.0, 2025年2月至V1.18, 2026年6月25日），重点关注最终批发和零售价格的具体版本变化。结果：共鉴定出69,683条药版记录和5,720个独特产品。在V1.0和V1.18同时收录的1937种药品中，批发价格上涨的有1088例（56.17%），下降的有501例（25.86%），保持不变的有348例（17.97%）。零售价格上涨1205例（62.21%），下降697例（35.98%），保持稳定35例（1.81%）。1535例（79.25%）零售价格方向与批发价格方向一致。结论：价格调整更像是基于声明的监管体系的重新校准，而不是价格的持续降低，涉及价格表的同步调整、移除和添加，以及受监管的药房加价和增值税规则驱动的一些零售层面的不协调。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

4.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research (ISSN 1473-7167) provides expert reviews on cost-benefit and pharmacoeconomic issues relating to the clinical use of drugs and therapeutic approaches. Coverage includes pharmacoeconomics and quality-of-life research, therapeutic outcomes, evidence-based medicine and cost-benefit research. All articles are subject to rigorous peer-review. The journal adopts the unique Expert Review article format, offering a complete overview of current thinking in a key technology area, research or clinical practice, augmented by the following sections: Expert Opinion – a personal view of the data presented in the article, a discussion on the developments that are likely to be important in the future, and the avenues of research likely to become exciting as further studies yield more detailed results Article Highlights – an executive summary of the author’s most critical points.