Self-perception of oral health and dental care habits in patients with Sjögren's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus

IF 1.5 Q4 RHEUMATOLOGY

Reumatologia Clinica Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-07 DOI:10.1016/j.reuma.2026.502222

Karina Palomo-Arnaud, Jesus Alberto Cardenas-de la Garza, Andrés Manuel Ortiz-Ríos, Hector Alejandro Martinez-Espinosa, Angel Kevin Garza-Elizondo, Dionicio A. Galarza-Delgado, Janett Riega-Torres

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Abstract

Introduction and objectives

Oral manifestations are frequent in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD). This study aims to evaluate self-perception of oral health and habits in patients with Sjögren's disease (SjD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Materials and methods

We performed a cross-sectional study including adult patients with SjD, RA, and SLE. We applied the modified Spanish version of the Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-SPM) survey, which includes 12 questions, and patients were classified as having poor (≤50 points), moderate (51–56 points), and good (≥57 points) oral health. Additionally, we compared the oral health and dental care habits between patients.

Results

We included 415 patients, with a median age of 53 (41.25–61) years; 387 (93.3%) were female. Two hundred and ninety-two patients had RA (70.4%), 72 had SLE (17.3%), and 51 had SjD (12.3%). Overall, 136 patients (32.8%) reported poor self-perceived oral health, 101 (24.3%) moderate, and 178 (42.9%) good. SjD patients reported the lowest scores (median GOHAI-SPM = 51 [IQR 42.5–55], SLE 57 (49.8–60), RA 55 (48.0–59.0), p < 0.001), lower frequency of dental care appointments (<2/year, 35.3%), and lower brush frequencies per day (≤2/day, 60.8%) than patients with RA or SLE. Patients with SjD are most aware of the relationship between their disease and oral health (68.6%), in contrast to patients with RA (53.1%) or SLE (43.1%).

Discussion and conclusion

Most patients with Sjögren's disease (SjD) and half of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) reported moderate to poor self-perceived oral health. Their primary concerns are pain, physical limitations, and psychosocial aspects. These findings highlight the importance of implementing a multidisciplinary approach involving rheumatologists and allied healthcare professionals in the management of these patients.

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Sjögren病、类风湿关节炎和系统性红斑狼疮患者口腔健康和牙齿保健习惯的自我认知

前言与目的风湿病（RD）患者的口腔表现较为常见。本研究旨在评估Sjögren病（SjD）、类风湿性关节炎（RA）和系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者对口腔健康和习惯的自我认知。材料和方法我们进行了一项横断面研究，包括患有SjD、RA和SLE的成年患者。我们采用改良的西班牙语版老年/一般口腔健康评估指数（GOHAI-SPM）调查，该调查包括12个问题，并将患者分为口腔健康差（≤50分）、中等（51-56分）和良好（≥57分）。此外，我们比较了患者之间的口腔健康和牙齿护理习惯。结果纳入415例患者，中位年龄53（41.25-61）岁；女性387例（93.3%）。232例RA(70.4%)， 72例SLE(17.3%)， 51例SjD（12.3%）。总体而言，136名患者（32.8%）自我感觉口腔健康状况不佳，101名（24.3%）中度，178名（42.9%）良好。SjD患者的评分最低(GOHAI-SPM中位数= 51 [IQR 42.5-55]， SLE为57 (49.8-60)，RA为55 (48.0-59.0),p < 0.001)，就诊频率较低（2次/年，35.3%），每天刷牙频率较低（≤2次/天，60.8%）。与RA（53.1%）和SLE（43.1%）患者相比，SjD患者最清楚自己的疾病与口腔健康之间的关系（68.6%）。讨论与结论大多数Sjögren病患者（SjD）和半数类风湿性关节炎（RA）患者自我口腔健康状况为中度至较差。他们主要关心的是疼痛、身体限制和社会心理方面。这些发现强调了在这些患者的管理中实施涉及风湿病学家和相关医疗保健专业人员的多学科方法的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Reumatologia Clinica RHEUMATOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

6.70%

发文量

105

审稿时长

54 days

期刊介绍： Una gran revista para cubrir eficazmente las necesidades de conocimientos en una patología de etiología, expresividad clínica y tratamiento tan amplios. Además es La Publicación Oficial de la Sociedad Española de Reumatología y del Colegio Mexicano de Reumatología y está incluida en los más prestigiosos índices de referencia en medicina.