Model Vectorization and Low-Fluctuation Method for Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer

Abstract

Dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) is a pivotal technology for future mobile electrical energy interaction. However, its widespread adoption is challenged by significant transfer fluctuations induced by spatial and temporal factors. This article proposes a vectorization method of variables to reconstruct the controlled scalar variables into space vector variables for analyzing fluctuations in both spatial and temporal factors. A vector-based model is further established for the multiple-transmitter (Tx)–single-receiver (Rx) DWPT system. To improve the performance, the model is constrained and ultimately simplified into a single-Tx–single-Rx model. Based on this model, a stable output of the Rx is achieved just by maintaining the amplitude of the input voltage vector, which can track the Rx position synchronously. This article further investigates the impact of the coil design parameters on the electrical parameters, cross-coupling, fundamental content, and offset of coupling coefficient curves, which can impact the model and system performance through the analysis. Compared with two existing advanced methods, the proposed approach demonstrates superior performance in experiments: power fluctuations remain around ±1.2% across all tested positions, and average efficiency exceeds 90%, peaking at 92.3%.