Emergence of molecular tilt in a ferroelectric smectic liquid crystal with broken director-inversion symmetry.

Abstract

The origin of some mesophases of the ferroelectric nematic realm is not yet well understood. In this work, we study the highly polar liquid crystal MIO, a close structural analog of the prototypical ferroelectric nematogen DIO, which exhibits a ferroelectric smectic A to ferroelectric smectic C (SmA_{F}-SmC_{F}) phase transition. Calorimetric, dielectric, and light-scattering experiments reveal that it is a second-order phase transition with mean-field behavior and is driven by the softening of the tilt elastic constant accompanied by the divergence of the amplitude of the associated dielectric mode.