Platelet Membrane Protrusions: Roles in Hemostasis and Beyond.

IF 5.2 2区医学 Q1 HEMATOLOGY

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Pub Date : 2026-09-20 DOI:10.1016/j.jtha.2026.09.018

Martina Wolff, Celina Owczarek, Andreas Greinacher

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Platelet membrane protrusions (PMPTs) are a remarkably diverse set of dynamic structures formed by platelets in response to shear stress. They are actively generated and play an integral role in hemostasis, potentially bridging the crosstalk between platelets and leukocytes. Unlike filopodia and lamellipodia, known for driving active cellular motility, PMPTs exhibit distinct characteristics. Some PMPTs, such as glycoprotein Ib-rich tethers and FLIPRs (FLow-Induced PRotrusions), possess pro-coagulant functions, either directly via phosphatidylserine exposure or by fragmenting into microparticles that provide a surface for coagulation activation. With the exception of tractopods, all PMPTs - including PITTs (Platelet-derived Integrin- and Tetraspanin-enriched Tethers) and FLIPRs- support leukocyte adhesion, thereby influencing immune cell recruitment and activation. This strongly indicates a role of PMPTs in the crosstalk between hemostasis and inflammation. Further evidence supporting this connection comes from observations of increased PMPT frequency in infection and certain autoimmune disorders. This review summarizes current knowledge on how PMPTs are formed, summarizes their structural characteristics, and the sparse information available regarding their biological roles and clinical significance.

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血小板膜突出：在止血和其他方面的作用。

血小板膜突起（PMPTs）是血小板响应剪切应力形成的一组非常多样化的动态结构。它们是主动产生的，在止血中起着不可或缺的作用，可能弥合血小板和白细胞之间的串扰。与丝状足和板足不同，PMPTs表现出明显的特征，它们以驱动活跃的细胞运动而闻名。一些PMPTs，如富含糖蛋白b的系链和flipr（血流诱导的突起），具有促凝功能，要么直接通过磷脂酰丝氨酸暴露，要么通过破碎成微粒，为凝血激活提供表面。除tractopods外，所有的PMPTs -包括PITTs（血小板衍生的整合素和四聚蛋白Tethers）和flipr -支持白细胞粘附，从而影响免疫细胞的募集和激活。这有力地表明PMPTs在止血和炎症之间的相互作用。支持这种联系的进一步证据来自于观察到的感染和某些自身免疫性疾病中PMPT频率增加。本文综述了目前关于PMPTs如何形成的知识，总结了它们的结构特征，以及关于它们的生物学作用和临床意义的稀疏信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 医学-外周血管病

CiteScore

24.30

自引率

3.80%

发文量

321

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (JTH) serves as the official journal of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. It is dedicated to advancing science related to thrombosis, bleeding disorders, and vascular biology through the dissemination and exchange of information and ideas within the global research community. Types of Publications: The journal publishes a variety of content, including: Original research reports State-of-the-art reviews Brief reports Case reports Invited commentaries on publications in the Journal Forum articles Correspondence Announcements Scope of Contributions: Editors invite contributions from both fundamental and clinical domains. These include: Basic manuscripts on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis Studies on proteins and reactions related to thrombosis and haemostasis Research on blood platelets and their interactions with other biological systems, such as the vessel wall, blood cells, and invading organisms Clinical manuscripts covering various topics including venous thrombosis, arterial disease, hemophilia, bleeding disorders, and platelet diseases Clinical manuscripts may encompass etiology, diagnostics, prognosis, prevention, and treatment strategies.