Uso de ecografía en la evaluación y rehabilitación de las disfunciones del piso pélvico: una revisión narrativa

Abstract

Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) has become an essential tool in pelvic floor physical therapy. This narrative review included 13 scientific articles that met the selection criteria. Pelvic floor (PF) dysfunctions, including urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, bowel movement disorders, and pelvic pain, can significantly affect quality of life and require accurate diagnosis and specific therapeutic strategies.

RUSI allows for an objective structural and functional assessment of the PF, enabling real-time evaluation of parameters such as organ support and muscle function. Furthermore, its use in rehabilitation as a real-time visual biofeedback method facilitates motor learning, thereby optimizing therapeutic outcomes.The main clinical findings confirm that RUSI significantly improves voluntary contraction capacity, accelerates recovery of urinary continence, and optimizes relaxation in patients with chronic constipation or pelvic pain.

The aim of this narrative review is to synthesize the current evidence on the use of ultrasound in the assessment and management of major pelvic floor disorders and its role in rehabilitation. The technical foundations and clinical applications are addressed, exploring its benefits and future potential in the study of pelvic floor function and in the development of personalized rehabilitation strategies.