Multi-environment evaluation of high-yielding and stable bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in Ethiopia

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-04 DOI:10.1016/j.egg.2026.100528

Teka Selomun, Atsbha Gebreslasie, Zeray Siyoum, Azeb Hailu, Mizan Tesfay, Tesfay Gebrekirstos, Kiros Gebretsadkan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an essential staple crop for global food security, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where productivity is constrained by the absence of high-yielding, stable varieties. Understanding genotype-environment interactions is vital for identifying adaptable, high-yielding genotypes. This study evaluated 30 bread wheat genotypes across environments in Eastern and Southeastern Tigray, Ethiopia, employing an alpha lattice design with three replications. Phenological, morphological, and yield traits were recorded and analyzed using R software (version 4.5.2). Genotype performance, stability, and adaptability were assessed through Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis, Eberhart and Russell regression, Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) model, weighted average of scores from the BLUP (WAASB) interaction matrix, and Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI). Significant (P ≤ 0.05) genetic variation was observed among genotypes for traits such as days to heading and maturity, plant height, spike length, and seeds per spike, all contributing to biomass and grain yield. Environmental factors accounted for 83.31% of the total variation, while genotype effects constituted 6.64%. Grain yield ranged from 1671.6 to 2982.8 kg ha⁻¹, with an average of 2502.17 kg ha⁻¹. Genotypes ETBW7698, ETBW6850, and ETBW8481 demonstrated superior yield performance and stability across environments, consistently outperforming check varieties based on AMMI, Eberhart and Russell regression, BLUP, WAASB interaction matrix, and MGIDI analyses. The identified genotypes (ETBW8481, ETBW6850, and ETBW7698) exhibited high yield potential, stability, and wide adaptability, making them promising candidates for further verification and potential release. Continued research on the genetic mechanisms underlying yield traits is recommended to enhance wheat breeding programs.

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埃塞俄比亚高产稳定面包小麦基因型的多环境评价

面包小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）是全球粮食安全的重要主粮作物，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲，由于缺乏高产、稳定的品种，该地区的生产力受到限制。了解基因型与环境的相互作用对于鉴定适应性强的高产基因型至关重要。本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚提格雷东部和东南部不同环境下的30种面包小麦基因型，采用了三个重复的α晶格设计。利用R软件（4.5.2版）记录和分析物候、形态和产量性状。通过AMMI分析、Eberhart和Russell回归、最佳线性无偏预测（BLUP）模型、WAASB相互作用矩阵BLUP得分的加权平均值和多性状基因型-理想型距离指数（MGIDI）评估基因型性能、稳定性和适应性。抽穗和成熟期、株高、穗长、穗粒数等性状在基因型间存在显著（P ≤ 0.05）的遗传变异，这些性状对生物量和产量都有影响。环境因子占总变异的83.31%，基因型效应占总变异的6.64%。籽粒产量为1671.6 ~ 2982.8 kg ha−1，平均为2502.17 kg ha−1。基于AMMI、Eberhart and Russell回归、BLUP、WAASB互作矩阵和MGIDI分析，ETBW7698、ETBW6850和ETBW8481基因型在不同环境下表现出优异的产量表现和稳定性，始终优于对照品种。所鉴定的基因型（ETBW8481、ETBW6850和ETBW7698）具有较高的产量潜力、稳定性和广泛的适应性，具有进一步验证和潜在释放的潜力。建议继续研究产量性状的遗传机制，以加强小麦育种计划。

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来源期刊

Ecological Genetics and Genomics Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Ecological Genetics and Genomics publishes ecological studies of broad interest that provide significant insight into ecological interactions or/ and species diversification. New data in these areas are published as research papers, or methods and resource reports that provide novel information on technologies or tools that will be of interest to a broad readership. Complete data sets are shared where appropriate. The journal also provides Reviews, and Perspectives articles, which present commentary on the latest advances published both here and elsewhere, placing such progress in its broader biological context. Topics include: -metagenomics -population genetics/genomics -evolutionary ecology -conservation and molecular adaptation -speciation genetics -environmental and marine genomics -ecological simulation -genomic divergence of organisms