Effect of Surface Geometry on Surface-Layer Formation during Polishing of Copper Optical Components

Abstract

Based on an investigation of the scattering behavior of sludge nanoparticles and wear nanoparticles originating from the polishing powder during the polishing of copper optical components using a dispersed system of micro- and nanopowders of copper metaborate in kerosene, as well as the formation of a deposit composed of copper oxide nanoparticles on the polished surface, it was established that the dependence of the total scattering cross section of sludge nanoparticles on the radius of the circular zones of the component is characterized by maximum values at radii of 10, 15, 17.5, and 20 mm. These maxima correspond to the highest probability of deposit formation on the processed surface, specifically within these circular zones. Investigation of the influence of the emergent properties of quantum sludge nanoparticles and polishing powder wear nanoparticles on their collective behavior, self-organization, and assembly during motion within an optical resonator of variable length formed by the surfaces of the workpiece and the polishing lap demonstrated that a deposit composed of sludge nanoparticles forms on the processed surface of the copper component. Fragments of this deposit are discretely distributed along concentric circles whose radii coincide with the values calculated using the quantum theory of nanoparticle scattering. It was further shown that, during the polishing of copper optical components using micro- and nanopowders of copper metaborate dispersed in kerosene, the material removal rate reaches 28.6 × 10^–13 m³/s, which is in good agreement with the experimentally determined polishing productivity of 1.5 ± 0.1 mg/min, or 7.3 ± 0.4 μm/h, or (28 ± 1) × 10^–13 m³/s, with a deviation of 5–6%. Experimental observations confirmed that the deposit composed of sludge nanoparticles, whose fragments consisted of copper oxide, was indeed present on the polished copper surface along concentric circles with radii of 10 and 15 mm, as well as within the circular zone having a radius of 17–20 mm.