Flexible trident foam antenna with narrowband characterization for NB-IoT and LTE cellular communications

IF 1.6 4区地球科学 Q3 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Radio Science Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-08 DOI:10.1029/2026RS008636

R. Ramyea;Senthil Kumar Kandasamy

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

With the rapid expansion of LTE (Long Term Evolution) cellular and IoT (Internet of Things) enabled systems, there is a growing demand for compact, low-cost and flexible antennas. Present antennas are commonly built using rigid substrates which are not suitable for flexible applications and offers more signal reflection rather than far field radiation. Proposed work addresses this demand by a lightweight foam substrate based flexible antenna that operates at 1.74 GHz LTE-band 4 and additional 1.4 GHz LTE—band 11 to support (Narrow Band) NB-IoT applications. A trident shaped antenna built using foam with 1.2 mm thickness and permittivity of 1.15. Stagewise analysis in terms of electrical and geometrical is focused to improvize current distribution, radiation characteristics with lesser reflections. Gain and radiation efficiency of about 3.9 dB and 90.6% is achieved with the final stage antenna, with an impedance bandwidth of 570 MHz. Simulated results are validated with the measured results using vector network analyzer and anechoic chamber. Simulated and measured return loss is about — 42.3 and—31 dB respectively. To verify the flexibility and wearability of the antenna, conformal and SAR simulations are performed and analyzed for the real time deployment in flexible IoT and LTE cellular applications.

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具有窄带特性的柔性三叉戟泡沫天线，用于NB-IoT和LTE蜂窝通信

随着LTE（长期演进）蜂窝和IoT（物联网）支持系统的快速扩展，对紧凑、低成本和灵活的天线的需求不断增长。目前的天线通常采用刚性基板，不适合灵活应用，并且提供更多的信号反射而不是远场辐射。拟议的工作通过基于轻型泡沫基板的柔性天线解决了这一需求，该天线工作在1.74 GHz LTE-band 4和额外的1.4 GHz LTE-band 11，以支持（窄带）NB-IoT应用。三叉戟形天线采用泡沫1.2毫米厚度和介电常数1.15。在电气和几何方面的分阶段分析侧重于改进电流分布，较少反射的辐射特性。末级天线的增益和辐射效率分别为3.9 dB和90.6%，阻抗带宽为570 MHz。利用矢量网络分析仪和消声室对仿真结果与实测结果进行了验证。模拟回波损耗和实测回波损耗分别约为- 42.3和31 dB。为了验证天线的灵活性和可穿戴性，在灵活的物联网和LTE蜂窝应用中进行了共形和SAR仿真，并对其进行了实时部署。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Radio Science 工程技术-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

12.50%

发文量

112

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Radio Science (RDS) publishes original scientific contributions on radio-frequency electromagnetic-propagation and its applications. Contributions covering measurement, modelling, prediction and forecasting techniques pertinent to fields and waves - including antennas, signals and systems, the terrestrial and space environment and radio propagation problems in radio astronomy - are welcome. Contributions may address propagation through, interaction with, and remote sensing of structures, geophysical media, plasmas, and materials, as well as the application of radio frequency electromagnetic techniques to remote sensing of the Earth and other bodies in the solar system.