A bleeding shame: Period poverty, stigma and menstrual equity in a regional Australian university setting.

Abstract

BackgroundPeriod poverty, defined as inadequate access to menstrual products, education and supportive infrastructure, is recognised as a public health, equity and human rights issue in both low- and high-income settings.ObjectivesTo examine the extent and impact of period poverty among students at a regional Australian university, explore their lived experiences, coping strategies and the role of menstrual stigma, and evaluate awareness and use of Dignity Vending Machines (DVMs).DesignExploratory descriptive mixed-methods study.Study durationOctober 2023 to March 2024.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was administered to students at a regional Australian university. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively. Semi-structured interviews and open-ended survey responses were analysed thematically following Braun and Clarke's framework.ResultsAmong survey respondents, 69.2% reported at least occasional difficulty affording menstrual products, with 14.4% reporting frequent or chronic difficulty. This lack of access led to missed classes (55.1%), work absence (31.9%) and avoidance of sporting or leisure activities (72.5%). Coping strategies included switching to cheaper products (75.5%), extending wear time (68.4%) and improvising with other materials (43.9%). Over half of respondents (58.3%) were unaware of DVMs, and operational problems reduced trust and usability. Qualitative analysis identified three themes: financial precarity and undignified coping; the emotional and psychological toll of menstrual stigma; and the imperative for normalisation and educational advocacy.ConclusionPeriod poverty is a complex biopsychosocial issue among regional Australian university students, disrupting education, work and social participation. Free product provision via DVMs is valued but underutilised. Universities should adopt strategies that combine reliable free access to products with menstrual health literacy, stigma reduction, and efforts to address financial hardship and social exclusion.