Evaluating Evidence-Based Practice and Quality Improvement Initiatives in the Nursing Literature Using a Critical Appraisal Tool

Abstract

Introduction

Reports of evidence-based practice (EBP) and quality improvement (QI) in nursing journals often vary in reporting quality, hindering translation into practice. A critical appraisal tool for evidence-based practice quality improvement (EBPQI) has recently been made available on the EQUATOR Network.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study of full-length articles (Jan–Jun 2025) from 28 nursing journals that accept reports of EBP and/or QI (per submission guidelines); each article was scored by two authors using the open-access critical appraisal tool for EBPQI.

Results

Collectively, these journals published 86 issues and 949 full-length articles; 30 (3.2%) articles were identified as EBP or QI reports and were published among 10 (33%) journals. Of these 30 articles, only 6 (20%) used appropriate EBP and/or QI methods and were therefore appraised using the EBPQI critical appraisal tool. Based on the EBPQI critical appraisal tool, the EBP and QI reports varied in how and to what extent they met EBPQI criteria.

Conclusion

Variation exists in journal guidance and reporting of EBP/QI initiatives. Consistent use of EBPQI criteria highlights the need for standardized reporting to improve transparency, transferability, and translation into practice.

Clinical Relevance

Transparent, standardized reporting of EBP and/or QI initiatives enables clinicians to appraise relevance and transferability to practice. Reporting aligned with recognized guidelines (or clear justification for deviations) is warranted.