NANDA-I, NIC, NOC for Successful Aging in Older Adults with Risk for Imbalance Blood Pressure: Cross-Mapping.

Abstract

BackgroundGlobal demographic shifts necessitate effective health management for older adults, with blood pressure variability indicating early adverse outcomes. Nurses require theory-guided care for optimal blood pressure management. This study aims to integrate NANDA-I, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) to support care for older adults diagnosed with "Risk for imbalanced blood pressure" from the perspective of the Multidimensional Model of Successful Aging (MMSA).MethodsThis descriptive study utilized an expert nurse consensus process, based on established NANDA-I-NIC-NOC (NNN) linkage recommendations. The multi-step methodology involved analysis of the NANDA-I diagnosis, a preliminary literature review, selection of relevant NOC outcomes, and identification of corresponding NIC interventions. A cross-mapping technique was then applied to compare semantically and conceptually the MMSA domains (physiological, psychological, sociological) with NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC. All linkages were reviewed and validated through expert consensus.ResultsThe NNN integration resulted in NIC interventions and NOC outcomes organized by MMSA domains. NIC interventions identified within the Physiological: Complex Care (57.9%) aligned with the MMSA physiological domain. NIC intervention within the Behavioral (70.0%) aligned with the MMSA psychological domain and corresponded to the MMSA sociological domain. NOC outcomes were primarily distributed between the physiological (48%) and psychological (44.4%) MMSA domains.ConclusionThe integration of NANDA-I, NIC, and NOC for older adults with "Risk for imbalanced blood pressure", guided by the MMSA, encompassed all three domains of successful aging. Despite the physiological domain predominated, psychological and sociological elements are essential for promoting overall well-being and reinforcing a biopsychosocial approach to nursing care.Implications for Nursing PracticeNurses must broaden assessments beyond physical parameters to include older adults' subjective aging perceptions, emotional well-being, social engagement, and self-efficacy in managing "Risk for imbalanced blood pressure". Systematically utilizing NIC and NOC will enhance care planning, fostering an individualized approach that empowers older adults for quality aging amidst chronic diseases.