Analysis of Lip Pressure and Quality of Life Following Gummy Smile Treatment.

Abstract

Introduction: A gummy smile is an aesthetic condition that can negatively impact self-esteem and quality of life. This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the effects of gummy smile treatments with botulinum toxin type A and/or hyaluronic acid on lip pressure and the perceived quality of life in adult individuals.

Methods: Thirty adult individuals aged 18‒65 years, with>2 mm of gingival exposure when smiling, participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: botulinum toxin (n=10), hyaluronic acid (n=10), and a combination of both (n=10). Lip pressure was measured using the Biofeedback Pró-Fono device at baseline and 15, 30, 90, and 180 days after the procedures. Quality of life was assessed using the Glasgow Benefit Inventory, which was applied 15 days after treatment. Statistical analyses included repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and t-tests (P ± 0.05).

Results: All the groups showed variations in lip pressure over time, with a gradual increase up to 180 days and statistically significant differences. Intergroup comparisons across time intervals were not assessed. All three groups showed improvements in the quality of life, with the combined treatment standing out.

Conclusion: Aesthetic treatments for gummy smile resulted in significant changes in lip pressure over time and were associated with improvements in the quality of life.