Gender ageism in the media: Dichotomy between invisibility and linguistic violence. PRISMA-ScR scoping review (2016-2025).

Abstract

The conceptual framework of intersectionality demonstrates how age prejudices intersect with sexism, suggesting a double discrimination that places older women in a position of vulnerability, which this review aims to map. This scoping review examines the conceptual development between January 2016 and October 2025, synthesises thematic approaches, and analyses discursive representation patterns related to the selected scientific literature. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines and utilising the Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases, a final corpus of 31 articles was analysed. The results show, first of all, an upward trend in the scientific production analysed, with a marked spike in 2025. The co-occurrence analysis identifies three multidisciplinary thematic axes articulating the analysed sample: the gerontological, the structural and cultural, and the psychosocial. Finally, the analysis of this corpus suggests a structural dichotomy within this sample; whereas age and gender discrimination is generally conveyed as a subtle form of invisibilisation in traditional media, the digital environment is characterised by active hostility and linguistic violence, sexualisation, and dehumanisation. This is particularly evident on social media platforms such as X/Twitter.