Inteligencia artificial en la práctica docente de los profesionales de enfermería: oportunidades, aplicaciones y desafíos

Abstract

The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) into nursing education is becoming a key tool to respond to the growing demands for patient safety and excellence in care. This article examines the potential of AI to enrich training, highlighting the need for students to become familiar with technologies that are already embedded in clinical practice. Five areas of application are addressed: (i) intelligent tutoring systems that personalize learning pathways and enhance academic performance; (ii) immersive clinical simulation with virtual/augmented reality, which strengthens clinical reasoning and interprofessional communication; (iii) automated assessment and feedback, capable of drastically reducing faculty workload without compromising validity; (iv) adaptive curriculum design and agile resource generation, which lessen competency gaps and accelerate the development of teaching materials; and (v) tools to support faculty, freeing up time for high-pedagogical-value mentoring.

Although these developments contribute to personalization, efficiency, and the strengthening of competencies, their sustainable impact requires addressing ethical and operational challenges: digital literacy gaps, algorithmic bias, data protection, and transparency requirements imposed by regulation. The article concludes that the effective integration of AI calls for a balanced approach that combines technological innovation with pedagogical reflection and aligns with the humanistic values of nursing. Permanent AI literacy programs, institutional frameworks for ethical governance, investment in inclusive infrastructures, and robust research agendas that assess the real transfer of competencies to the clinical setting are recommended.