Scientific Mapping and Systematic Literature Review on Sociotechnical Change and Transition to Industry 5.0 or Society 5.0

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore two of the main currents of thought on the evolution of humanity, derived from the great transformations driven by technological change. The purpose is to recognize the characteristics, similarities, and differences of the Industry 5.0 (I5.0) and Society 5.0 (S5.0) models and to propose scenarios with distinctive features to determine which of them will prevail in the future. The approach of the study is deductive; the strategy is exploratory; and the method applied is mixed. The quantitative method was developed through a longitudinal scientific mapping performed in Web of Science and Scopus databases. The qualitative method was carried out through an exhaustive review of the literature using terminology connected to the topics explored. This mapping made it possible to identify the countries, institutions, scientific collaboration networks, and leading authors in these fields of knowledge. The results revealed convergent and divergent attributes between the two approaches. There is a set of technologies that will predictably prevail, regardless of the model adopted. However, key differences in the approaches and in the dynamics of human–technology interaction were also identified. It is assumed that both models are complementary in the use of technologies, but their fundamental difference lies in the approach. I5.0 focuses on the sphere of high-end manufacturing, with an emphasis on enhancing human creativity and labor welfare through technological integration, while S5.0 prioritizes a broad social spectrum and integrates various aspects of life where there is an intelligent audit of the use of technology.