Fatal adverse reactions to injectable ceftriaxone sodium in Syrian Arab Republic.

Abstract

Background: Reports of fatal adverse reactions to ceftriaxone sodium have raised serious safety concerns in Syrian Arab Republic, yet evidence describing fatal outcomes remains limited.

Aim: To describe and characterise fatal adverse reactions associated with ceftriaxone sodium administration in Syrian Arab Republic.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 14 fatal cases of ceftriaxone-associated adverse reactions reported to the national pharmacovigilance system in Syrian Arab Republic from 2018 to 2023.

Results: Fourteen ceftriaxone sodium-associated fatal ADR cases were identified, including one maternal-foetal case, accounting for 15 deaths. Most fatalities resulted from immediate anaphylactic reactions following intravenous or intramuscular administration. Fatal outcomes included maternal-foetal death, Stevens-Johnson syndrome with multiorgan failure and anaphylaxis occurring during an intradermal allergy test.

Conclusion: Fatal adverse reactions to ceftriaxone were predominantly rapid and unpredictable, underscoring the need for careful allergy assessment, close patient monitoring and adherence to safe administration practices.