Preoperative Respiratory Training Before Cardiac Surgery: Feasibility and Longitudinal Pulmonary Function Changes in Elderly Patients.

IF 1.7 Q3 REHABILITATION

Physiotherapy Research International Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI:10.1002/pri.70286

Andranik Petrosyan, Emilie Besson, Nathalie Grand, Julien Lanoiselee, Khalil Raissouni, Kasra Azarnoush

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and short-term spirometric changes observed during a 3-week physiotherapist-supervised incentive-spirometry program in elderly patients awaiting elective cardiac surgery.

Methods: This prospective, single-center observational study included patients aged ≥ 65 years scheduled for elective cardiac surgery. Patients completed a 3-week home-based respiratory training program using an incentive spirometer (TriFlo 2), comprising six daily sessions and supervised twice weekly by physiotherapists. Pulmonary function, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and the Tiffeneau index, was evaluated at the baseline, after the training program, and 30 days after surgery.

Results: A total of 27 patients completed the preoperative training phase with high adherence, and 21 patients had complete three-phase longitudinal spirometric data. No adverse events related to respiratory training were reported. FVC increased significantly after the training program (4.22 ± 1.16 L to 5.09 ± 1.96 L; p = 0.036), whereas FEV1 did not change significantly. At 30 days after surgery, marked reductions in FVC and FEV1 persisted compared with the baseline (p < 0.001 for both), whereas the Tiffeneau index did not differ significantly from the baseline. No postoperative pulmonary complications were recorded in this cohort; however, postoperative outcomes were descriptive and cannot be attributed to the intervention because no comparator group was included.

Conclusion: In elderly patients awaiting elective cardiac surgery, a 3-week physiotherapist-supervised respiratory training protocol was feasible and was associated with improved preoperative FVC. Because of the small sample size, absence of randomization, and lack of a control group, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Larger controlled studies are required to determine whether preoperative respiratory training improves postoperative pulmonary or functional recovery.

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心脏手术前的术前呼吸训练：老年患者纵向肺功能改变的可行性。

目的：本研究的目的是评估在等待择期心脏手术的老年患者进行为期3周的物理治疗师监督激励肺活量测定计划期间观察到的可行性和短期肺活量变化。方法：这项前瞻性、单中心观察性研究纳入年龄≥65岁计划择期心脏手术的患者。患者使用激励性肺活量计（TriFlo 2）完成了为期3周的家庭呼吸训练计划，包括每天6次，每周两次由物理治疗师监督。肺功能，包括用力肺活量（FVC）、1s用力呼气量（FEV1）和Tiffeneau指数，分别在基线、训练计划结束后和术后30天进行评估。结果：共有27例患者完成了术前训练阶段，依从性高，21例患者有完整的三期纵向肺活量测量数据。无与呼吸训练相关的不良事件报告。训练后FVC显著增加（4.22±1.16 L至5.09±1.96 L, p = 0.036），而FEV1无显著变化。术后30天，与基线相比，FVC和FEV1的显著降低持续存在(p结论：等待择期心脏手术的老年患者，3周物理治疗师监督的呼吸训练方案是可行的，并与术前FVC改善相关。由于样本量小，缺乏随机化，缺乏对照组，这些发现应该被解释为探索性和假设生成。需要更大规模的对照研究来确定术前呼吸训练是否能改善术后肺或功能恢复。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Physiotherapy Research International REHABILITATION-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Physiotherapy Research International is an international peer reviewed journal dedicated to the exchange of knowledge that is directly relevant to specialist areas of physiotherapy theory, practice, and research. Our aim is to promote a high level of scholarship and build on the current evidence base to inform the advancement of the physiotherapy profession. We publish original research on a wide range of topics e.g. Primary research testing new physiotherapy treatments; methodological research; measurement and outcome research and qualitative research of interest to researchers, clinicians and educators. Further, we aim to publish high quality papers that represent the range of cultures and settings where physiotherapy services are delivered. We attract a wide readership from physiotherapists and others working in diverse clinical and academic settings. We aim to promote an international debate amongst the profession about current best evidence based practice. Papers are directed primarily towards the physiotherapy profession, but can be relevant to a wide range of professional groups. The growth of interdisciplinary research is also key to our aims and scope, and we encourage relevant submissions from other professional groups. The journal actively encourages submissions which utilise a breadth of different methodologies and research designs to facilitate addressing key questions related to the physiotherapy practice. PRI seeks to encourage good quality topical debates on a range of relevant issues and promote critical reflection on decision making and implementation of physiotherapy interventions.