Nanoparticle-Mediated Therapy for Glioma: Advances and Prospects

Abstract

Glioma is one of the most invasive tumors in the central nervous system. Traditional treatment is limited by the blood-brain barrier and tumor drug resistance, and the prognosis of patients is very poor. At present, there is a lack of a comprehensive review that can systematically integrate various nanotechnology strategies to meet these challenges. This review first analyzes the brain biological barrier and glioma microenvironment that nanoparticles delivery must overcome. Furthermore, the key strategies for crossing these barriers, such as receptor-mediated transport and physical assistance methods, are systematically reviewed. This paper focuses on the design and characteristics of various nano-platforms (including inorganic, organic and biological nanoparticles), and discusses in detail how they can drive multimodal synergistic therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy to improve the curative effect and overcome drug resistance. The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrated perspective for researchers in the field to overcome the delivery barrier and realize innovative therapy by nanotechnology, and to provide a theoretical framework and design ideas for promoting the clinical transformation of the next generation of intelligent and personalized nano-drugs for glioma.