Functional and social trajectory and quality of life 12 months after a femoral fracture: a prospective cohort study

Abstract

Introduction

Femoral fracture (FF) is a prevalent condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the factors associated with the functional and social trajectory, as well as quality of life, 12 months after FF in patients over 65 years of age.

Materials and methods

This is a prospective observational cohort study including patients over 65 years of age admitted for FF. Quality of life (WHOQOL-Bref), functionality (Barthel Index), and social resources were assessed at baseline and at 12 months. Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with functional decline and institutionalization at 12 months.

Results

A total of 150 patients were included (mean age 88 years; 78% women). The mean [SD] Barthel Index score at baseline and 12 months was 70 [26.1] and 57.0 [32.3], respectively (p < 0.001), and the WHOQOL-Bref score was de 86.0 [11.9] and 83.4 [13.8], respectively (p = 0.005). The need for institutionalization increased from 15% at baseline to 35% at 12 months. In the multivariate analysis, the FRAGIL-VIG frailty index was independently associated with greater functional decline and increased need for institutionalization at 12 months.

Conclusions

The IF-VIG index is a good predictor of functional decline and risk of institutionalization 12 months after a femur fracture in the geriatric population.