{"title":"On 4D Capabilities of Polycaprolactone Composite Matrix","authors":"Ranvijay Kumar, Rupinder Singh, Vinay Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s40009-025-01603-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polycaprolactone (PCL)-polylactic acid (PLA) based composite matrix is one of the acceptable materials as scaffolds in tissue reconstruction. However, little has been reported on the 4D capabilities and one-way programming of PLA-nanofibers (NFs) reinforced PCL matrix under different stimuli for shape memory applications. This study reports the one-way programming of PCL-PLA-NFs under thermal, thermo-chemical, and hydro-thermal stimuli. In this study, inhouse prepared filaments of PCL- PLA-NFs (1/2/3% by Vol.) were exposed to thermal, thermal + H<sub>2</sub>O (hydro-thermal), and thermal + C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O (thermochemical) stimuli to ascertain the feasibility of the one-way programming. The study results suggest that better shape recovery was noticed in the case of PCL-3%PLA-NFs. The exposure to hydro-thermal stimulus resulted in maximum shape recovery, and the exposure to thermochemical exposure resulted in minimum shape recovery. Further, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis indicated that the absorbance spectrum of PCL is also affected by the concentration of PLA, as more uniform stretching and relaxation of carbonyl and C-C bond was observed in PCL-3%PLA-NFs. The study outlined that PCL-3%PLA-NFs-based filaments possess acceptable programmability for 4D printing applications of smart scaffolds under the influence of hydro-thermal stimulus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":717,"journal":{"name":"National Academy Science Letters","volume":"49 3","pages":"295 - 298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"National Academy Science Letters","FirstCategoryId":"4","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40009-025-01603-8","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL)-polylactic acid (PLA) based composite matrix is one of the acceptable materials as scaffolds in tissue reconstruction. However, little has been reported on the 4D capabilities and one-way programming of PLA-nanofibers (NFs) reinforced PCL matrix under different stimuli for shape memory applications. This study reports the one-way programming of PCL-PLA-NFs under thermal, thermo-chemical, and hydro-thermal stimuli. In this study, inhouse prepared filaments of PCL- PLA-NFs (1/2/3% by Vol.) were exposed to thermal, thermal + H2O (hydro-thermal), and thermal + C3H6O (thermochemical) stimuli to ascertain the feasibility of the one-way programming. The study results suggest that better shape recovery was noticed in the case of PCL-3%PLA-NFs. The exposure to hydro-thermal stimulus resulted in maximum shape recovery, and the exposure to thermochemical exposure resulted in minimum shape recovery. Further, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis indicated that the absorbance spectrum of PCL is also affected by the concentration of PLA, as more uniform stretching and relaxation of carbonyl and C-C bond was observed in PCL-3%PLA-NFs. The study outlined that PCL-3%PLA-NFs-based filaments possess acceptable programmability for 4D printing applications of smart scaffolds under the influence of hydro-thermal stimulus.
期刊介绍：
The National Academy Science Letters is published by the National Academy of Sciences, India, since 1978. The publication of this unique journal was started with a view to give quick and wide publicity to the innovations in all fields of science
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