{"title":"A Disposable and Non-Enzymatic Sensor for Determination of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in Pig Serum","authors":"Xiaoling He, Guangzhong Li, Sheng Ma, Yanyao Chen, Tian Ouyang, Jiani Chen, Jiyao Zhang, Taoda Liu, Dawei Pan, Wenyan Tao, Hong Wei","doi":"10.1007/s12678-026-01036-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A disposable and non-enzymatic sensor had been constructed for determination of oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>) in pig serum samples successfully. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were immobilized on screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by co-polymerized with monomer <i>o</i>-aminophenol (<i>o</i>-AP) (POAP) by cyclic voltammetry technique. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed SWCNT/POAP/SPCE possesses a higher conductivity of 12.2 Ω⋅cm<sup>2</sup>, which is identified as an effective electrocatalyst for determining NAD<sup>+</sup>. A reduction peak at a potential of around <b>−</b>0.31 V (vs.Ag/AgCl) was observed on SWCNT/POAP/SPCE for detection of NAD<sup>+</sup> using differential pulse voltammetry technique, which is non-enzymatic sensing. The sensitivity and limit of detection were 0.0618 µA/µM and 1.0 µM, respectively. A good linear relationship (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.995) was established in the concentration range from 5.0 µM to 100 µM. Additionally, recoveries between 103.2% and 109.4% with RSD values much less than 3% were obtained. It revealed good efficiency of SWCNT/POAP/SPCE towards determination of NAD<sup>+</sup> in pig serum samples.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Single-walled carbon nanotubes/poly(o-aminophenol) film/screen-printed carbon electrode was used for NAD+ determination with linear range from 5.0 μM to 100 μM and detection limit of 1.0 μM, respectively. The modified SPCE was successfully applied in the determination NAD+ in pig serum samples with satisfactory results.</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":535,"journal":{"name":"Electrocatalysis","volume":"17 4","pages":"739 - 747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Electrocatalysis","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12678-026-01036-x","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
A disposable and non-enzymatic sensor had been constructed for determination of oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in pig serum samples successfully. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were immobilized on screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by co-polymerized with monomer o-aminophenol (o-AP) (POAP) by cyclic voltammetry technique. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed SWCNT/POAP/SPCE possesses a higher conductivity of 12.2 Ω⋅cm2, which is identified as an effective electrocatalyst for determining NAD+. A reduction peak at a potential of around −0.31 V (vs.Ag/AgCl) was observed on SWCNT/POAP/SPCE for detection of NAD+ using differential pulse voltammetry technique, which is non-enzymatic sensing. The sensitivity and limit of detection were 0.0618 µA/µM and 1.0 µM, respectively. A good linear relationship (R2 = 0.995) was established in the concentration range from 5.0 µM to 100 µM. Additionally, recoveries between 103.2% and 109.4% with RSD values much less than 3% were obtained. It revealed good efficiency of SWCNT/POAP/SPCE towards determination of NAD+ in pig serum samples.
Graphical Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes/poly(o-aminophenol) film/screen-printed carbon electrode was used for NAD+ determination with linear range from 5.0 μM to 100 μM and detection limit of 1.0 μM, respectively. The modified SPCE was successfully applied in the determination NAD+ in pig serum samples with satisfactory results.
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Electrocatalysis is cross-disciplinary in nature, and attracts the interest of chemists, physicists, biochemists, surface and materials scientists, and engineers. Electrocatalysis provides the unique international forum solely dedicated to the exchange of novel ideas in electrocatalysis for academic, government, and industrial researchers. Quick publication of new results, concepts, and inventions made involving Electrocatalysis stimulates scientific discoveries and breakthroughs, promotes the scientific and engineering concepts that are critical to the development of novel electrochemical technologies.
Electrocatalysis publishes original submissions in the form of letters, research papers, review articles, book reviews, and educational papers. Letters are preliminary reports that communicate new and important findings. Regular research papers are complete reports of new results, and their analysis and discussion. Review articles critically and constructively examine development in areas of electrocatalysis that are of broad interest and importance. Educational papers discuss important concepts whose understanding is vital to advances in theoretical and experimental aspects of electrochemical reactions.
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