Heavy metals in carbonated waters and beverages on the South Korean market.

IF 2.6 3区农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-24 DOI:10.1080/19393210.2026.2670556

Yongcheol Lee, Hyuny Clark-Shim, Min-Su Chang, In-Sook Lee, Yun-Jung Yi, Hyun-Jeong Kim

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Abstract

Carbonated beverages, including carbonated waters (CWs) and soft drinks, are widely consumed worldwide. Although these beverages are consumed almost as frequently as drinking water, their regulatory standards for heavy metals are less stringent than those applied to water. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the levels of arsenic, cadmium, lead and uranium and to evaluate potential health risks. Samples were categorised into four types: CWs, flavoured carbonated waters (FCWs), sugar-sweetened carbonated drinks (SCDs) and sparkling tea/juice drinks (STJDs). ICP-MS analysis revealed that levels of the four investigated heavy metals ranged from - 1, with mean values of - 1. Cd was found at the lowest levels. Except for U, higher levels of heavy metals were observed in SCDs and STJDs. Overall, the findings indicate that all measured values remained within internationally accepted limits and the associated health risk was determined to be negligible.

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韩国市场碳酸水和饮料中的重金属含量。

碳酸饮料，包括碳酸水（CWs）和软饮料，在世界范围内被广泛消费。尽管这些饮料的消费频率几乎和饮用水一样高，但它们对重金属的监管标准却没有水那么严格。因此，本研究旨在调查砷、镉、铅和铀的水平，并评估潜在的健康风险。样品分为四种类型：CWs，调味碳酸水（FCWs），加糖碳酸饮料（SCDs）和气泡茶/果汁饮料（STJDs）。ICP-MS分析显示，四种重金属的含量范围为- 1，平均值为- 1。Cd的含量最低。除U外，SCDs和性病患者中重金属含量均较高。总体而言，调查结果表明，所有测量值都保持在国际公认的限度内，相关的健康风险被确定为可以忽略不计。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Food additives & contaminants. Part B, Surveillance 农林科学-毒理学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

10.30%

发文量

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B publishes surveillance data indicating the presence and levels of occurrence of designated food additives, residues and contaminants in foods, food supplements and animal feed. Data using validated methods must meet stipulated quality standards to be acceptable and must be presented in a prescribed format for subsequent data-handling. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B restricts its scope to include certain classes of food additives, residues and contaminants. This is based on a goal of covering those areas where there is a need to record surveillance data for the purposes of exposure and risk assessment. The scope is initially restricted to: Additives - food colours, artificial sweeteners, and preservatives; Residues – veterinary drug and pesticide residues; Contaminants – metals, mycotoxins, phycotoxins, plant toxins, nitrate/nitrite, PCDDs/PCFDs, PCBs, PAHs, acrylamide, 3-MPCD and contaminants derived from food packaging. Readership: The readership includes scientists involved in all aspects of food safety and quality and particularly those involved in monitoring human exposure to chemicals from the diet. Papers reporting surveillance data in areas other than the above should be submitted to Part A . The scope of Part B will be expanded from time-to-time to ensure inclusion of new areas of concern.