Microencapsulation of fermented noni juice with modified starches: A study on structure–property relationships using single droplet drying and spray drying

IF 3.2 3区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Drying Technology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI:10.1080/07373937.2026.2681747

Tianyu Zhang, Zhihua Yu, Yuyan Xu, Xuewen Gao, Shuwen Wu, Liang Tian, Haiming Chen, C H I Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Efficient microencapsulation of fermented noni juice (FNJ) is challenged by its low solid content and high hygroscopicity, limiting powder stability and loading capacity. This study evaluated modified starch (MS), porous starch (PS), and maltodextrin as wall materials for improving FNJ loading during spray drying. Droplet drying behavior, physicochemical property, microstructure, and bioactive stability were investigated. Results showed that both MS and PS enabled high FNJ loading of up to 40% solids in the final powder, with distinct drying and dissolution behaviors. MS powders exhibited the shortest dissolution time (116–135 s), which was attributed to favorable hydrophilicity and rapid crust dissolution. PS powders showed slower dissolution (198–206 s) and the highest tapped bulk density, mainly due to their porous and concave particle structures that enhanced powder packing and prolonged water penetration. Total phenolic content was retained or increased after drying, reaching up to approximately 130%, while antioxidant capacity was generally maintained or improved. These findings highlight the potential of MS and PS for producing high-loading FNJ powders with adjustable functional properties.

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改性淀粉微胶囊化发酵诺丽汁：单滴干燥和喷雾干燥结构-性能关系的研究

发酵诺丽汁（FNJ）的高效微胶囊化受到其低固含量和高吸湿性的挑战，限制了粉末的稳定性和装载能力。本研究评价了改性淀粉（MS）、多孔淀粉（PS）和麦芽糖糊精作为改善喷雾干燥过程中FNJ负载的壁材。研究了微滴的干燥行为、理化性质、微观结构和生物活性稳定性。结果表明，MS和PS均能使最终粉末中高达40%固体的高FNJ负载，并具有明显的干燥和溶解行为。MS粉末的溶解时间最短（116 ~ 135 s），这是由于其良好的亲水性和快速的结壳溶解。PS粉末的溶解速度较慢（198 ~ 206 s），堆积密度最高，这主要是由于其多孔和凹形颗粒结构增强了粉末的堆积性，延长了水渗透时间。干燥后总酚含量保持或增加，可达130%左右，抗氧化能力基本保持或提高。这些发现突出了MS和PS在生产具有可调节功能特性的高负载FNJ粉末方面的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Drying Technology 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

15.20%

发文量

133

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Drying Technology explores the science and technology, and the engineering aspects of drying, dewatering, and related topics. Articles in this multi-disciplinary journal cover the following themes: -Fundamental and applied aspects of dryers in diverse industrial sectors- Mathematical modeling of drying and dryers- Computer modeling of transport processes in multi-phase systems- Material science aspects of drying- Transport phenomena in porous media- Design, scale-up, control and off-design analysis of dryers- Energy, environmental, safety and techno-economic aspects- Quality parameters in drying operations- Pre- and post-drying operations- Novel drying technologies. This peer-reviewed journal provides an archival reference for scientists, engineers, and technologists in all industrial sectors and academia concerned with any aspect of thermal or nonthermal dehydration and allied operations.

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FNJ