Influence of patient-centered prenatal education on the birth experience: A qualitative study

Abstract

Background

Childbirth is a complex, subjective phenomenon, the significance of which is influenced by sociocultural and individual factors. Anxieties surrounding childbirth, often stemming from gaps in knowledge about the physiological process, can negatively affect maternal expectations. Prenatal health education has been proposed as a key intervention to mitigate these anxieties by enhancing self-efficacy, promoting patient autonomy, and encouraging active participation.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate women's perceptions of their labor and childbirth experience following participation in a patient-centered prenatal education program, the 'Oficina do Parto'.

Methods

This qualitative study used thematic analysis. Participants included nine women and their companions who attended the 'Oficina do Parto' program. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted during the postpartum period.

Results

The analysis yielded two main themes: 1) the perceived impact of the educational program on labor and delivery experiences; and 2) the role and influence of the companion's participation during childbirth. Participants reported that the program effectively increased their knowledge, which contributed to a more positive childbirth experience and a greater appreciation for the companion's role.

Conclusion

The 'Oficina do Parto' program successfully enhanced women's knowledge, fostering positive perceptions of childbirth and the involvement of companions. The alignment between the educational content and the practices of the attending obstetric team, together with the women's prior childbirth knowledge, emerged as factors that positively influenced the overall childbirth experience.