Probiotics in allergic disease: from adjunct supplement to immune-modifying strategy (2026 update).

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-09 DOI:10.1097/ACI.0000000000001171

Giorgio S Raho

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Allergic diseases continue to increase globally, and accumulating evidence implicates early-life microbial exposures as central determinants of immune tolerance. This review synthesizes advances from 2024 to 2026 regarding probiotic-mediated immune modulation and their translational implications in allergy prevention and therapy.

Recent findings: Recent studies confirm strain-specific expansion of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, suppression of Th2 polarization, reinforcement of epithelial barrier integrity, and durable epigenetic stabilization mediated by short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate. Clinical trials demonstrate benefit in perinatal prevention of atopic dermatitis, modulation of allergic rhinitis symptoms, early-life asthma risk reduction, and probiotic-adjuvanted oral immunotherapy.

Summary: Probiotics are evolving from adjunctive supplements to biologically active immune modulators with disease-modifying potential. Integration with allergen immunotherapy and precision microbiome profiling may redefine preventive and therapeutic strategies in allergic disease.

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过敏性疾病中的益生菌：从辅助补充到免疫修饰策略（2026年更新）。

综述目的：过敏性疾病在全球范围内持续增加，越来越多的证据表明，生命早期微生物暴露是免疫耐受的主要决定因素。本文综述了从2024年到2026年关于益生菌介导的免疫调节及其在过敏预防和治疗中的转化意义的进展。最近的发现：最近的研究证实了Foxp3+调节性T细胞的菌株特异性扩增，抑制Th2极化，增强上皮屏障完整性，以及由短链脂肪酸（如丁酸盐）介导的持久表观遗传稳定。临床试验表明，在围产期预防特应性皮炎、调节变应性鼻炎症状、降低早期哮喘风险和益生菌辅助口服免疫治疗方面有益处。摘要：益生菌正在从辅助补充剂演变为具有疾病调节潜力的生物活性免疫调节剂。结合过敏原免疫疗法和精确微生物组分析可能重新定义过敏疾病的预防和治疗策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 医学-过敏

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.60%

发文量

109

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on one to three topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as upper airway disease; mechanisms of allergy and adult asthma; paediatric asthma and development of atopy; food and drug allergies; and immunotherapy.