Microbiological contamination in home continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices. Study protocol.

Abstract

Home mechanical ventilation is crucial for treating conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea, and its use has increased exponentially. A possible link exists between poor equipment hygiene and the risk of respiratory infections, due to healthcare-related practices; however, the exact effect is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the level of bacterial and fungal contamination in home continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices. This prospective, cross-sectional study will be conducted at the Burgos University Hospital Complex (CAUBU), Spain. Twenty-five patients undergoing home CPAP treatment for at least six months will be recruited. Microbiological samples will be taken from each patient at critical points of the CPAP device: CPAP housing, tubing, internal filter, interface, and humidifier. Analyses will be performed at the CAUBU Microbiology Department, which is certified under UNE-EN ISO 9001:2015. In addition to microbiological analysis, clinical variables and determinants of patient health will be collected to study potential factors associated with contamination. It is known that 30% of healthcare-associated infections are preventable, so this study aims to improve prevention strategies, health education, and nursing care to reduce the risk of pathogenic contamination related to home respiratory therapy.