Radiographic Assessment of Spinopelvic Parameters in Asymptomatic Ethiopian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

IF 4.9 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS

JBJS Open Access Pub Date : 2026-06-09 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI:10.2106/JBJS.OA.26.00028

Fentahun Bantigegn Seyoum, Alazar Menbere Haile, Eskinder Kebede Tadesse, Kaleab Tesfaye Reda, Tofike Aman Kersema, Semehal Berihun Demewez, Amanuel Berhaneselassie Stephano, Michael Mamusha Shenkute, Biruk Lambisso Wamisho

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Abstract

Background: Spinopelvic alignment is central to spinal biomechanics and surgical planning. Normative spinopelvic parameters vary by geography and ethnicity, and reference data for Ethiopia have not previously been reported.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine normative spinopelvic parameters in healthy Ethiopian adults and examine their variation based on age and sex.

Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital between August and December 2025. The study included 117 healthy adults (60 men, 57 women). Standardized standing lateral lumbosacral radiographs were obtained. Two spine surgeons independently measured pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and lumbar lordosis (LL).

Results: The median age was 40 years. The mean values were PI 52.6° ± 8.9°, SS 39.8° ± 7.4°, PT 12.9° ± 7.0°, and LL 60.1° ± 8.5° (measured from the inflection point to S1). LL exceeded values reported in Asian and North American cohorts but was comparable with African and European populations. Women demonstrated higher values across all parameters. Multivariable regression identified PI (β = 0.83, p < 0.001), PT (β = -0.76, p < 0.001), and female sex (β = 3.05, p = 0.008) as independent predictors of LL (R² = 0.64).

Conclusions: This study establishes the first normative spinopelvic reference values for asymptomatic Ethiopian adults, providing a foundation for population-specific alignment assessment and future outcome studies.

Level of evidence: Level IV Diagnostic. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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无症状埃塞俄比亚成人脊柱参数的x线评估：一项横断面研究。

背景：脊柱骨盆对准是脊柱生物力学和手术计划的核心。规范的脊柱参数因地理和种族而异，埃塞俄比亚的参考数据以前没有报道过。目的：本研究旨在确定健康埃塞俄比亚成年人的规范脊柱参数，并检查其基于年龄和性别的变化。方法：于2025年8月至12月在提库尔安贝萨专科医院进行观察性横断面研究。该研究包括117名健康成年人（60名男性，57名女性）。获得标准化站立腰骶侧位x线片。两名脊柱外科医生独立测量了骨盆发生率（PI）、骶骨坡度（SS）、骨盆倾斜（PT）和腰椎前凸（LL）。结果：中位年龄40岁。平均PI为52.6°±8.9°，SS为39.8°±7.4°，PT为12.9°±7.0°，LL为60.1°±8.5°（从拐点到S1测量）。LL超过了在亚洲和北美人群中报道的值，但与非洲和欧洲人群相当。女性在所有参数中都表现出更高的价值。多变量回归发现，PI （β = 0.83, p < 0.001）、PT （β = -0.76, p < 0.001）和女性性别（β = 3.05, p = 0.008）是LL的独立预测因子（R2 = 0.64）。结论：本研究首次为无症状的埃塞俄比亚成年人建立了规范的脊柱骨盆参考值，为人群特异性校准评估和未来的结果研究提供了基础。证据等级：四级诊断。有关证据水平的完整描述，请参见作者说明。

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