Black caregivers’ perspectives on social-emotional development in children ages 3–8: Results of a community needs assessment in Canada

Abstract

Nurturing social-emotional capacities such as emotion regulation and sympathy may promote the well-being of racialized children, including in contexts of marginalization and adversity. However, research with Black children and families is historically limited. The current study explores how Black caregivers perceive and nurture social-emotional development in their children. This study used a collaborative and participatory approach guided by input from two Black community advisors on the study’s direction. Participants were 16 Black caregivers of children ages 3–8 years living in Peel Region, Ontario, Canada who participated in virtual focus group interviews. Caregivers were asked about their perspectives on social-emotional development, strategies they use to promote social-emotional development in their children, and feedback for improving services in the community. A reflexive thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data and identify key themes. Results revealed four themes: 1) Black caregivers value strong social-emotional capacities in their children, 2) Black children show strengths in their social-emotional capacities, 3) Black caregivers engage in active and intentional strategies to nurture their children’s social-emotional capacities, and 4) Black caregivers recommend strategies for service providers to demonstrate cultural competency and create space for Black communities and culture. The results of this study can be applied to inform tailored, community-based initiatives that aim to enhance cultural competency in services and reduce systemic inequalities in care for Black children and families in Canada.

Impact Statement

This paper addresses gaps in the literature surrounding the social-emotional and mental health strengths and needs of Black children and families in Canada by drawing on the voices and perspectives of the Black community. Focus group interviews were conducted with Black caregivers to understand how they perceive and foster the social-emotional development of their Black children. Results highlight Black caregivers’ active promotion of their children’s positive social-emotional development and opportunities to improve services in the community. Researchers, educators, and policymakers can use these findings to tailor culturally competent community-based initiatives and services to the strengths and needs of Black communities.