Microbial Associations of the Arctic Nudibranch Mollusk Cadlina laevis (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) Inhabiting the White Sea Subtidal Environment

IF 1.9 4区生物学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective Pub Date : 2026-06-04 DOI:10.1111/maec.70102

Polina Shcherbakova, Alexandra Klyukina, Alexander Elcheninov, Liliya Gavirova, Elizaveta Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Ilya Kublanov, Elena Vortsepneva

{"title":"Microbial Associations of the Arctic Nudibranch Mollusk Cadlina laevis (Gastropoda, Nudibranchia) Inhabiting the White Sea Subtidal Environment","authors":"Polina Shcherbakova, Alexandra Klyukina, Alexander Elcheninov, Liliya Gavirova, Elizaveta Bonch-Osmolovskaya, Ilya Kublanov, Elena Vortsepneva","doi":"10.1111/maec.70102","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n Symbioses between invertebrates and prokaryotes are widespread across various environments. This study focused on a stable microbial community localized in the buccal apparatus (teeth of the radula and jaws) of the nudibranch Cadlina laevis found near the MSU White Sea Biological Station. Distinct methodologies have been applied to characterize this microbial community. Electron microscopy revealed a morphologically uniform layer of bacteria consistently associated with the radular teeth of C. laevis. Sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene identified that representatives of the genus Polaribacter accounted for up to 95.2% of the dense biofilm on the buccal apparatus. This finding supports a specific association of Polaribacter representatives with the buccal apparatus, in contrast to the more heterogeneous microbiomes of other mollusk organ samples. Comparative genomic analysis revealed significant differences between the genomes of C. laevis-associated Polaribacter and other available genomes of Polaribacter representatives, indicating that a host-associated lifestyle may require additional adaptations in bacteria. Metagenomic analysis revealed chitinase genes, rare in previously known Polaribacter-affiliated genomes, within the genome of these bacterial associates, suggesting their role in degrading chitin that covers the buccal apparatus. This observation of a stable microbial community in the C. laevis buccal apparatus could suggest that Polaribacter benefits from its ability to degrade chitin within the buccal apparatus, whereas the benefits to the mollusk remain unclear and will be the subject of further studies.\n </div>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/maec.70102","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Symbioses between invertebrates and prokaryotes are widespread across various environments. This study focused on a stable microbial community localized in the buccal apparatus (teeth of the radula and jaws) of the nudibranch Cadlina laevis found near the MSU White Sea Biological Station. Distinct methodologies have been applied to characterize this microbial community. Electron microscopy revealed a morphologically uniform layer of bacteria consistently associated with the radular teeth of C. laevis. Sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene identified that representatives of the genus Polaribacter accounted for up to 95.2% of the dense biofilm on the buccal apparatus. This finding supports a specific association of Polaribacter representatives with the buccal apparatus, in contrast to the more heterogeneous microbiomes of other mollusk organ samples. Comparative genomic analysis revealed significant differences between the genomes of C. laevis-associated Polaribacter and other available genomes of Polaribacter representatives, indicating that a host-associated lifestyle may require additional adaptations in bacteria. Metagenomic analysis revealed chitinase genes, rare in previously known Polaribacter-affiliated genomes, within the genome of these bacterial associates, suggesting their role in degrading chitin that covers the buccal apparatus. This observation of a stable microbial community in the C. laevis buccal apparatus could suggest that Polaribacter benefits from its ability to degrade chitin within the buccal apparatus, whereas the benefits to the mollusk remain unclear and will be the subject of further studies.

查看原文本刊更多论文

居住在白海潮下环境的北极裸鳃软体动物Cadlina laevis（腹足纲，裸鳃纲）的微生物群落

无脊椎动物和原核生物之间的共生在各种环境中广泛存在。本研究的重点是在MSU白海生物站附近发现的裸鳃Cadlina laevis的口腔器官（radula和颌骨的牙齿）中定位的稳定微生物群落。不同的方法已被应用于表征这种微生物群落。电子显微镜显示了一种形态均匀的细菌层，与C. laevis的根状牙齿一致。对16S rRNA基因V4区进行测序发现，在口腔器官上密集的生物膜中，Polaribacter属的代表菌占95.2%。这一发现支持了极化杆菌代表与口腔器官的特定关联，与其他软体动物器官样本中更异质的微生物组形成对比。比较基因组分析显示，与C. laevis相关的Polaribacter基因组与其他Polaribacter代表基因组之间存在显著差异，表明与宿主相关的生活方式可能需要细菌的额外适应。宏基因组分析显示，几丁质酶基因在这些细菌的基因组中是罕见的，这表明它们在降解覆盖口腔器官的几丁质中起作用。这一稳定的微生物群落在C. laevis口腔器官的观察结果可能表明，极化杆菌从其降解口腔器官内几丁质的能力中获益，而对软体动物的益处尚不清楚，将是进一步研究的主题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective 生物-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Marine Ecology publishes original contributions on the structure and dynamics of marine benthic and pelagic ecosystems, communities and populations, and on the critical links between ecology and the evolution of marine organisms. The journal prioritizes contributions elucidating fundamental aspects of species interaction and adaptation to the environment through integration of information from various organizational levels (molecules to ecosystems) and different disciplines (molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, marine biology, natural history, geography, oceanography, palaeontology and modelling) as viewed from an ecological perspective. The journal also focuses on population genetic processes, evolution of life histories, morphological traits and behaviour, historical ecology and biogeography, macro-ecology and seascape ecology, palaeo-ecological reconstruction, and ecological changes due to introduction of new biota, human pressure or environmental change. Most applied marine science, including fisheries biology, aquaculture, natural-products chemistry, toxicology, and local pollution studies lie outside the scope of the journal. Papers should address ecological questions that would be of interest to a worldwide readership of ecologists; papers of mostly local interest, including descriptions of flora and fauna, taxonomic descriptions, and range extensions will not be considered.