RETRACTED: Innovative Graphene-Based Nanocomposite Coatings for Advanced Corrosion Resistance in the Automotive Industry: Materials, Mechanisms, and Applications

Abstract

Corrosion in the automotive industry accelerates material degradation, shortens vehicle lifespan, and increases maintenance costs. Conventional coatings often lack durability and fail under harsh conditions. Graphene-based nanocomposite coatings have emerged as promising solutions due to graphene's excellent barrier properties, chemical stability, and mechanical strength. Recent advances involve graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide as additives in polymer/graphene, metal oxide/graphene, and ceramic/graphene hybrid coatings, enhancing electrochemical stability and, in some cases, enabling self-healing. Corrosion protection arises from improved barrier effects, passivation, and synergistic interactions between nanomaterials. Applications on steel chassis and aluminum panels show substantial resistance in aggressive environments. Despite promising lab results, challenges remain in scalable production, cost, and sustainability. Future research is expected to focus on multifunctional coatings combining self-healing, superhydrophobicity, and IoT-enabled corrosion monitoring, advancing next-generation automotive protection.