Optical and Electrical Properties of Gd3+ Ion-doped Lithium Aluminum Borate Glasses

Abstract

Aluminum lithium borate mixing with Gd₂O₃ glasses was fabricated with the conventional melt quench method. Using the XRD technique, the produced material’s amorphous nature was examined. Conductivity study shows that the measured impedance value decreases from about 6 × 10⁸ Ω to 0.3 × 10⁸ Ω, whereas the dielectric constant rises from about 4 to 24, as the gadolinium content increases. It can be seen that Gd³⁺ ions increase the radii of semi-circular impedance graphs, indicating that bulk resistance decreases. As the quantity of gadolinium increases, an increasing trend in AC conductivity from about 10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁵ S/m is also observed in the high-frequency region. The glass transition temperature (T_g) rises from 468 °C to 493 °C, displaying a variety of thermal patterns as the Gd³⁺ ion content increases, according to the results of differential scan calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which indicates that these materials are suitable for the fabrication of optical fibers and energy storage device applications.