{"title":"Introduction to cancer biomarkers and current research.","authors":"Ashutosh Rai, Meenakshi Singh, Shiv Charan, Supriya Khanra, Aastha Datta, Ajay Prakash, Bikash Medhi, Uttam Mete, Deeksha Pal","doi":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biomarkers in cancer are diverse molecular, cellular, or biochemical indicators that help diagnose, predict, and treat various cancers. They can be detected in tissues, blood, or other bodily fluids and guide personalized treatment strategies. Biomarkers are an integral component in oncology. They are described as prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic based on their applicability. Apart from molecular markers such as protein expression, other advanced biomarkers are being developed: circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and lipid metabolism-related markers. Continuous advances in molecular profiling, liquid biopsy, and computational analysis promise to enhance the utility of biomarkers in personalized oncology. In addition, high-throughput techniques (next-generation sequencing, mass spectrometry, and immune cell profiling) are being utilized for biomarker discoveries to support personalized therapeutics in oncology. The future of biomarkers lies in more advanced tools such as radiogenomics and artificial intelligence, which will cater to the requirement of more precise biomarkers. Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing the biomarkers by analyzing large data sets in short stipulated time. In the present chapter, we delve into the utility, advancement, and challenges of biomarkers in oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":94294,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer research","volume":"170 ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in cancer research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acr.2025.12.005","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/12/15 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Biomarkers in cancer are diverse molecular, cellular, or biochemical indicators that help diagnose, predict, and treat various cancers. They can be detected in tissues, blood, or other bodily fluids and guide personalized treatment strategies. Biomarkers are an integral component in oncology. They are described as prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic based on their applicability. Apart from molecular markers such as protein expression, other advanced biomarkers are being developed: circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and lipid metabolism-related markers. Continuous advances in molecular profiling, liquid biopsy, and computational analysis promise to enhance the utility of biomarkers in personalized oncology. In addition, high-throughput techniques (next-generation sequencing, mass spectrometry, and immune cell profiling) are being utilized for biomarker discoveries to support personalized therapeutics in oncology. The future of biomarkers lies in more advanced tools such as radiogenomics and artificial intelligence, which will cater to the requirement of more precise biomarkers. Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing the biomarkers by analyzing large data sets in short stipulated time. In the present chapter, we delve into the utility, advancement, and challenges of biomarkers in oncology.