Regulatory T cells in kidney transplantation: mechanisms, therapeutic advances, and future directions.

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-22 DOI:10.1080/1750743X.2026.2676457

Yunting Shao, Shaochen Yu, Mengjie Zhang, Langlang Yang, Beibei Tian, Jian Lu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a pivotal role as key modulators of immune tolerance in kidney transplantation, a critical therapeutic approach for end-stage renal disease. Despite advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive regimens, kidney transplantation continues to face significant challenges, including immune rejection and complications arising from long-term immunosuppression. In recent years, Tregs have garnered considerable attention due to their potential to promote graft immune tolerance, reduce the reliance on immunosuppressive drugs, and improve transplant outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological characteristics and immunoregulatory mechanisms of Tregs in the context of kidney transplantation. It highlights the clinical relevance of Tregs and summarizes the progress in Treg-based cellular therapies. Special emphasis is placed on emerging molecular pathways regulating Treg function, the role of immune metabolism, and innovative strategies utilizing nanocarrier systems to selectively expand Tregs. Furthermore, the review addresses current challenges in translating Treg research into clinical practice and outlines future research directions aimed at enhancing immune tolerance and graft survival. By synthesizing recent advances, this article aims to offer theoretical support for the clinical application of Treg-mediated immunomodulation in kidney transplantation.

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调节性T细胞在肾移植中的作用：机制、治疗进展和未来方向。

调节性T细胞（Tregs）在肾移植中作为免疫耐受的关键调节剂发挥关键作用，肾移植是终末期肾脏疾病的关键治疗方法。尽管手术技术和免疫抑制方案取得了进步，但肾移植仍然面临着重大挑战，包括免疫排斥和长期免疫抑制引起的并发症。近年来，Tregs因其促进移植物免疫耐受、减少对免疫抑制药物的依赖和改善移植结果的潜力而引起了相当大的关注。本文综述了Tregs在肾移植中的生物学特性和免疫调节机制。它强调了treg的临床意义，并总结了基于treg的细胞治疗的进展。特别强调的是调节Treg功能的新兴分子途径，免疫代谢的作用，以及利用纳米载体系统选择性扩展Treg的创新策略。此外，该综述解决了将Treg研究转化为临床实践的当前挑战，并概述了旨在增强免疫耐受和移植物存活的未来研究方向。本文旨在综合近年来的研究进展，为treg介导的免疫调节在肾移植中的临床应用提供理论支持。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Immunotherapy 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

113

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Many aspects of the immune system and mechanisms of immunomodulatory therapies remain to be elucidated in order to exploit fully the emerging opportunities. Those involved in the research and clinical applications of immunotherapy are challenged by the huge and intricate volumes of knowledge arising from this fast-evolving field. The journal Immunotherapy offers the scientific community an interdisciplinary forum, providing them with information on the most recent advances of various aspects of immunotherapies, in a concise format to aid navigation of this complex field. Immunotherapy delivers essential information in concise, at-a-glance article formats. Key advances in the field are reported and analyzed by international experts, providing an authoritative but accessible forum for this vitally important area of research. Unsolicited article proposals are welcomed and authors are required to comply fully with the journal''s Disclosure & Conflict of Interest Policy as well as major publishing guidelines, including ICMJE and GPP3.