{"title":"Heavy Metals in Urban and Rural Indoor Dust in Plateau Homes: Levels, Sources, and Health Risks","authors":"Weiying Hou, Ruijing Hu, Zhanpeng Cui, Jinze Wang, Jie Sun, Bingyan Zhang, Xiaoyu Han, Yuanchen Chen, Yong Zhang, Dong Yang, Wei Du","doi":"10.1007/s41810-025-00308-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The significant amount of people spend time indoors necessitates attention to health risks associated with heavy metals in indoor dust. This study quantified the concentrations of nine heavy metals, including manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and cadmium (Cd), and evaluated their rural–urban distribution, potential sources, and associated health risks through the analysis of indoor dust samples collected from Yunnan Province. The results showed that the heavy metal concentrations in indoor rural households were approximately 2–3 times higher than those in urban households. The application of Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis indicated that traffic is the dominant source, contributing 37.92% in rural and 44.53% in urban areas, and that indoor sources contributed more to urban than rural areas (41.09% vs 24.64%). Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk of indoor dust for children is seven times higher than that in adults (7.68 and 1.00 in rural areas and 7.41 and 0.96 in urban areas, respectively). Among the heavy metals, As presents the most significant risk to human health, warranting a priority focus on its mitigation. The study findings are intended to provide guidance on the prevention measures necessary to control heavy metal indoor pollution.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":36991,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Engineering","volume":"10 3","pages":"450 - 462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Aerosol Science and Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41810-025-00308-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The significant amount of people spend time indoors necessitates attention to health risks associated with heavy metals in indoor dust. This study quantified the concentrations of nine heavy metals, including manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and cadmium (Cd), and evaluated their rural–urban distribution, potential sources, and associated health risks through the analysis of indoor dust samples collected from Yunnan Province. The results showed that the heavy metal concentrations in indoor rural households were approximately 2–3 times higher than those in urban households. The application of Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis indicated that traffic is the dominant source, contributing 37.92% in rural and 44.53% in urban areas, and that indoor sources contributed more to urban than rural areas (41.09% vs 24.64%). Furthermore, the carcinogenic risk of indoor dust for children is seven times higher than that in adults (7.68 and 1.00 in rural areas and 7.41 and 0.96 in urban areas, respectively). Among the heavy metals, As presents the most significant risk to human health, warranting a priority focus on its mitigation. The study findings are intended to provide guidance on the prevention measures necessary to control heavy metal indoor pollution.
Graphical abstract
The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
期刊介绍：
ASE is an international journal that publishes high-quality papers, communications, and discussion that advance aerosol science and engineering. Acceptable article forms include original research papers, review articles, letters, commentaries, news and views, research highlights, editorials, correspondence, and new-direction columns. ASE emphasizes the application of aerosol technology to both environmental and technical issues, and it provides a platform not only for basic research but also for industrial interests. We encourage scientists and researchers to submit papers that will advance our knowledge of aerosols and highlight new approaches for aerosol studies and new technologies for pollution control. ASE promotes cutting-edge studies of aerosol science and state-of-art instrumentation, but it is not limited to academic topics and instead aims to bridge the gap between basic science and industrial applications. ASE accepts papers covering a broad range of aerosol-related topics, including aerosol physical and chemical properties, composition, formation, transport and deposition, numerical simulation of air pollution incidents, chemical processes in the atmosphere, aerosol control technologies and industrial applications. In addition, ASE welcomes papers involving new and advanced methods and technologies that focus on aerosol pollution, sampling and analysis, including the invention and development of instrumentation, nanoparticle formation, nano technology, indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring, air pollution control, and air pollution remediation and feasibility assessments.
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