Adherence to pro-vegetarian dietary patterns and gastric cancer risk: a pooled analysis of the StoP Consortium.

IF 6.1 1区医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Gastric Cancer Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-14 DOI:10.1007/s10120-026-01757-4

Alejandro Oncina-Cánovas, Laura Torres-Collado, Manuela García-de-la-Hera, Sandra González-Palacios, Carolina Ojeda-Belokon, Eva Negri, Claudio Pelucchi, Areti Lagiou, Pagona Lagiou, Nuno Lunet, Samantha Morais, Vicente Martin, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Lizbeth López-Carrillo, Raúl Ulises Hernández-Ramírez, M Constanza Camargo, Maria Paula Curado, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Boffetta, Jesús Vioque

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Pro-vegetarian (PVG) diets may reduce gastric cancer (GC) risk, but evidence remains limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between three predefined PVG patterns-general (gPVG), healthful (hPVG), and unhealthful (uPVG)-and GC risk stratifying by sex in the context of the Stomach Cancer Pooling (StoP) Project Consortium.

Methods: We analysed data from six case-control studies from the StoP Consortium. The final sample included 1,857 incidents, histologically confirmed GC cases and 5,646 controls. Food intakes were assessed using country-specific food frequency questionnaires, which allowed the estimation of PVG patterns using established scoring methods. Adherence to PVG dietary patterns was classified into quintiles. Logistic mixed models with random intercepts for each study were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Compared to the lowest quintile, the highest quintile of adherence to gPVG was associated with an OR_Q5vsQ1 = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.50-0.75; p-trend = < 0.001) and the hPVG was associated with an OR_Q5vsQ1 = 0.66 (0.54-0.80; p-trend = < 0.001). The uPVG pattern was associated with an OR_Q5vsQ1 = 1.27 (1.05-1.55; p-trend = 0.013). The inverse association for gPVG was more evident in men, OR_Q5vsQ1 = 0.56 (0.43-0.73) than in women, OR_Q5vsQ1 = 0.73 (0.53-1.01); for the hPVG pattern, a significant inverse association was only observed in women, OR_Q5vsQ1 = 0.50 (0.36-0.69); and, for the uPVG pattern, the increased GC risk was only observed in women, OR_Q5vsQ1 = 1.70 (1.25-2.32).

Conclusions: Higher adherence to gPVG and hPVG dietary patterns is associated with lower GC risk, whereas higher adherence to uPVG is associated with increased risk. The inverse association observed for hPVG pattern and the positive association for uPVG were only observed in women. These differential effects of dietary patterns in men and women deserve to be further investigated.

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坚持素食饮食模式和胃癌风险：StoP联盟的汇总分析。

背景：亲素食（PVG）饮食可能降低胃癌（GC）的风险，但证据仍然有限。我们旨在评估三种预定义的PVG模式-一般（gPVG），健康（hPVG）和不健康(uPVG)-在胃癌池（StoP）项目联盟的背景下按性别分层的GC风险之间的关系。方法：我们分析了来自StoP联盟的六项病例对照研究的数据。最终样本包括1857例病例、组织学证实的GC病例和5646例对照。使用国别食物频率问卷评估食物摄入量，该问卷允许使用既定评分方法估计PVG模式。对PVG饮食模式的坚持被分为五分之一。每个研究使用随机截距的Logistic混合模型来估计比值比（ORs）和95%置信区间（ci）。结果：与最低五分位数相比，gPVG依从性最高五分位数与ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.61相关(95% CI: 0.50-0.75; p-trend = Q5vsQ1 = 0.66 (0.54-0.80); p-trend = Q5vsQ1 = 1.27 （1.05-1.55; p-trend = 0.013）。gPVG的负相关在男性中更为明显，ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.56(0.43-0.73)，而在女性中ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.73 (0.53-1.01)；对于hPVG模式，仅在女性中观察到显著的负相关，ORQ5vsQ1 = 0.50 (0.36-0.69)；对于uPVG模式，仅在女性中观察到GC风险增加，ORQ5vsQ1 = 1.70（1.25-2.32）。结论：高依从性gPVG和hPVG饮食模式与较低的GC风险相关，而高依从性uPVG与风险增加相关。hPVG模式的负相关和uPVG模式的正相关仅在女性中观察到。这些饮食模式对男性和女性的不同影响值得进一步研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gastric Cancer 医学-胃肠肝病学

CiteScore

14.70

自引率

2.70%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Gastric Cancer is an esteemed global forum that focuses on various aspects of gastric cancer research, treatment, and biology worldwide. The journal promotes a diverse range of content, including original articles, case reports, short communications, and technical notes. It also welcomes Letters to the Editor discussing published articles or sharing viewpoints on gastric cancer topics. Review articles are predominantly sought after by the Editor, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the field. With a dedicated and knowledgeable editorial team, the journal is committed to providing exceptional support and ensuring high levels of author satisfaction. In fact, over 90% of published authors have expressed their intent to publish again in our esteemed journal.