ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL FEATURES AND DECORATIVE QUALITIES OF HYBRID DAYLILY VARIETIES IN THE BOTANICAL GARDEN OF SAMARA UNIVERSITY

Abstract

Plant introduction, one of the main areas of work of botanical gardens, studies the possibility of growing new species and varieties that are resistant to difficult environmental conditions of cities and changing climatic conditions, expands the range of plants used for landscaping city streets, squares and parks. One of the promising genera for introduction is the daylily. Representatives of this genus have high biological plasticity, differ in a variety of sizes, shapes and colors of flowers, are not demanding of soils, winter well under snow, are resistant to diseases and pests. In the landscaping of Samara, there is mainly one species of red daylily. Since 1995, the Botanical Garden of Samara University has been working on the introduction of varieties of hybrid daylily. This article presents an assessment of the biological characteristics and decorative qualities of 59 varieties of hybrid daylily cultivated in the Botanical Garden of Samara University. To study the peculiarities of seasonal rhythms of development, the "Methodology of phenological observations in the botanical gardens of the USSR" was used. The methodology of V.N. Bylov and R.A. Karpisonova was used to assess the economic and biological properties. The assessment of the decorative qualities of the varieties was carried out according to the methodology of T.N. Turchinskaya. Decorative properties include the color of the flowers, their shape and size, the number of flowers on the peduncle, the type of flowering, the height of the peduncles, the shape of the leaves and bushes. When evaluating decorative qualities, the duration of flowering and the intensity of bush growth were noted. The studied varieties of daylily are resistant to pests and diseases, and did not freeze at low temperatures in winter. In hot, dry summers, provided sufficient watering, they did not lose their decorative effect and bloomed well. All the varieties studied by us are divided into 5 groups and recommended by us for use in landscaping in the conditions of the Middle Volga region.