Lifestyle, socioeconomic and biological determinants of survival in Nonagenarians and Centenarians: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q1 GERONTOLOGY

Gerontologist Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI:10.1093/geront/gnag079

Óscar Caballero, Antonio García-Hermoso, Juan Hurtado-Amonacid, Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda, José Francisco López-Gil, Yasmin Ezzatvar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objectives: Identifying factors associated with survival beyond age 90 is essential for understanding healthy aging trajectories. This study sought to investigate the associations between biological, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors and survival in individuals aged ≥90 years.

Research design and methods: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Cohort studies reporting information on lifestyle, socioeconomic and biological determinants of survival in individuals aged ≥90 years (nonagenarians, centenarians, and supercentenarians) were searched in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases up to June 2025. Random effects meta-analyses via the empirical Bayes method generated pooled hazard ratios (HRs). Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Results: Twenty-three studies were included. Being a woman (HR = 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-0.86), having normal cognition (HR = 0.55; 95%CI, 0.40-0.76), having activities of daily living (ADL) independence (HR = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.63-0.76), having high handgrip strength (HR = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.48-0.99), not smoking (HR = 0.83; 95%CI, 0.74-0.93), and alcohol abstinence (HR = 0.88; 95%CI, 0.78-0.99) were associated with lower mortality. Education level was not significantly associated with survival. Meta-regression revealed no modifying effect of age or follow-up length. Multivariate meta-analysis confirmed the independent contribution of each factor and ranked ADLs (p < 0.001), cognition (p < 0.001), and handgrip strength (p < 0.001) as the top three survival predictors.

Discussion and implications: Survival in the oldest-old is closely linked to female sex, preserved cognitive and physical function, and healthy lifestyle choices. The consistent predictive value of ADLs, cognition, and handgrip strength highlights the relevance of modifiable factors for promoting longevity, even in advanced age.

查看原文本刊更多论文

生活方式、社会经济和生物学对百岁老人和百岁老人生存的影响：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析。

背景和目的：确定与90岁以上生存率相关的因素对于了解健康的衰老轨迹至关重要。本研究旨在探讨≥90岁个体的生物学、社会经济和生活方式因素与生存率之间的关系。研究设计与方法：采用荟萃分析的系统综述。研究人员在MEDLINE、EMBASE和Web of Science数据库中检索了截至2025年6月的队列研究，这些研究报告了90岁以上个体（百岁老人、百岁老人和超百岁老人）的生活方式、社会经济和生物学决定因素。随机效应荟萃分析通过经验贝叶斯方法产生合并风险比（hr）。进行meta回归和敏感性分析。结果：纳入23项研究。女性（HR = 0.83； 95%可信区间[CI]， 0.80-0.86）、认知正常（HR = 0.55; 95%CI, 0.40-0.76）、日常生活活动（ADL）独立（HR = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.63-0.76）、握力高（HR = 0.69; 95%CI, 0.48-0.99）、不吸烟（HR = 0.83; 95%CI, 0.74-0.93）和戒酒（HR = 0.88; 95%CI, 0.78-0.99）与较低的死亡率相关。受教育程度与存活率无显著相关。meta回归显示年龄和随访时间均无改变作用。多变量荟萃分析证实了每个因素的独立贡献，并对adl进行了排名(p)。讨论和意义：老年人的生存与女性性别、保留的认知和身体功能以及健康的生活方式选择密切相关。adl、认知和握力的一致预测价值强调了促进长寿的可修改因素的相关性，即使在高龄。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gerontologist GERONTOLOGY-

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

8.80%

发文量

171

期刊介绍： The Gerontologist, published since 1961, is a bimonthly journal of The Gerontological Society of America that provides a multidisciplinary perspective on human aging by publishing research and analysis on applied social issues. It informs the broad community of disciplines and professions involved in understanding the aging process and providing care to older people. Articles should include a conceptual framework and testable hypotheses. Implications for policy or practice should be highlighted. The Gerontologist publishes quantitative and qualitative research and encourages manuscript submissions of various types including: research articles, intervention research, review articles, measurement articles, forums, and brief reports. Book and media reviews, International Spotlights, and award-winning lectures are commissioned by the editors.