Detección precoz del cáncer colorrectal

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently one of the three cancers with the highest mortality rates worldwide. This is attributed to diets with a higher proportion of ultra-processed foods, sedentary lifestyles, and obesity, among other factors. On the other hand, one factor that has led to a decrease in mortality rates in some countries is CRC screening programmes. Most programmes are carried out on asymptomatic individuals between the ages of 45 and 75. The two main strategies are to start screening with a faecal occult blood test or a colonoscopy. Currently, the strategy used in most countries is to perform the immunological test, followed by endoscopic examination in selected cases. The results show that either of the two strategies mentioned above can detect CRC at an earlier stage and reduce CRC mortality.